ReviewIndian dermatology online journal
Evolving role of immunotherapy in the treatment of refractory warts.
Review in Indian dermatology online journal. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Comparative Study to Assess Efficacy of Intralesional MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) Vaccine and Intralesional Vitamin D3 in Treatment of Warts
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Cryotherapy Combined With Intralesional Hepatitis B Virus Vaccine Versus Either Therapy in the Treatment of Multiple Cutaneous Warts :a Comparative Study
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Intralesional bivalent and quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccines didn't significantly enhance the response of multiple anogenital warts when co-administered with intralesional Candida antigen immunotherapy. A randomized controlled trial.Archives of dermatological research · 2023Trial
- The efficacy and safety of intralesional Candida vaccine versus topical diphencyproprobenone in immunotherapy of verruca vulgaris: A randomized comparative study.Archives of dermatological research · 2023Trial
- Trial
- A comparative study of the therapeutic efficacy of various intralesional immunotherapies in extragenital cutaneous warts.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2026Article
- Resistant Facial Verruca Plana Treated with a Single-Dose Intramuscular Hepatitis B Vaccine as Immunotherapy in a Child.International medical case reports journal · 2026Article
- Serum level of soluble Interleukin-2 receptor among human papilloma virus infected female patients.Infectious agents and cancer · 2025Article
- Intralesional Immunotherapy for Non-Genital Viral Warts: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Successful management of recalcitrant cutaneous warts with low-dose acitretin monotherapy in a patient with idiopathic CD4Skin health and disease · 2025Article
- Randomized Phase IIa Trial of Purified Candida Antigen for Common Warts: Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy Across Multiple Dosing Regimens.Dermatology and therapy · 2025Article
- A Comparative Prospective Study to Assess Efficacy of Intralesional MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) Vaccine and Intralesional Vitamin D3 in Treatment of Nongenital Warts.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Interleukins in the Pathogenesis of Warts: Insight from the Last Decade-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Intralesional Vitamin D3 for Anogenital Warts in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Individual.International medical case reports journal · 2025Article
- A Novel Triple Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Recalcitrant Plantar Warts: A Case Report.Cureus · 2024Article
- Effectiveness and safety of tuberculin purified protein derivative for the treatment of anogenital warts in patients with human immunodeficiency virus.Dermatology reports · 2024Article
- Article
- A Comparative Study of Intralesional Acyclovir vs Immunotherapy for Treatment of Viral Warts.Cureus · 2023Article
- A Case of Genital and Extragenital Warts Unresponsive to Immunotherapy Using Measles, Mumps, Rubella Vaccine.International medical case reports journal · 2023Article
- Review
- Falkner's needling technique for the treatment of warts: Minimum investment, maximum benefit.Medical journal, Armed Forces India · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cutaneous and genital warts are common dermatological conditions caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). Although it is a benign condition, it causes disfigurement, has a tendency to koebnerize, and can be transmitted to others. This makes adequate and timely treatment important. There are several conventional treatments available with variable response. Topical and systemic immunotherapy has now found a significant place in the treatment of warts because of its nondestructive action, ease of use, and promising results. Through this review, we would like to present a brief overview of the various immunotherapeutic agents used. These include more established agents such as imiquimod,
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.