SynthesisSports health
Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome in Active Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Risk Factors.
Synthesis in Sports health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-Specific Differences in Running Injuries: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Pooled it
- Overuse-Related Injuries of the Musculoskeletal System: Systematic Review and Quantitative Synthesis of Injuries, Locations, Risk Factors and Assessment Techniques.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome in Novice and Recreational Runners: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Does Acute Fatigue Negatively Affect Intrinsic Risk Factors of the Lower Extremity Injury Risk Profile? A Systematic and Critical Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of hip abductors training on pelvic drop and knee valgus in runners with medial tibial stress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Trial
- A SHAP-based machine learning approach to decoding the relationship between running posture features and tibial load in novice runners with MTSS: towards accurate and intelligent rehabilitation strategies.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Psychologically informed patient education combined with exercise intervention is associated with improvements in tibial loading regulation, joint kinematics, and kinesiophobia in runners with medial tibial stress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Initial Effects of Dynamic Tape on Foot Arch Height Under Cyclic Loading: A Pilot Study Among University Students.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Influence of running speed, inclination, and fatigue on calcaneus angle in female runners.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Concurrent Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome and Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Foot Posture Index Does Not Correlate with Dynamic Foot Assessment Performed via Baropodometric Examination: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- MRI-Based Morphometric Comparison of Lower Leg Muscles and Tendons in Individuals With Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome.BioMed research international · 2024Article
- Acute effect of foot strike patterns on in vivo tibiotalar and subtalar joint kinematics during barefoot running.Journal of sport and health science · 2024Article
- Smart Chemical Sensor and Biosensor Networks for Healthcare 4.0.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Biomechanical characteristics of the lower extremities during running in male long-distance runners with a history of medial tibial stress syndrome: a case control study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2023Article
- Externally validated machine learning algorithm accurately predicts medial tibial stress syndrome in military trainees: a multicohort study.BMJ open sport & exercise medicine · 2023Article
- Femoral neck stress fracture and medial tibial stress syndrome following high intensity interval training: A case report and review of literature.World journal of clinical cases · 2022Article
- Epidemiology of NCAA Track and Field Injuries From 2010 to 2014.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2022Article
- The effect of changing foot progression angle using real-time visual feedback on rearfoot eversion during running.PloS one · 2021Article
- Experimental study protocol of the project "MOtor function and VItamin D: Toolkit for motor performance and risk Assessment (MOVIDA)".PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextMedial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is a common condition in active individuals and presents as diffuse pain along the posteromedial border of the tibia.
objectiveTo use cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies to identify significant MTSS risk factors. DATA SOURCES: Bibliographic databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, EBM Reviews, PEDRo), grey literature, electronic search of full text of journals, manual review of reference lists, and automatically executed PubMed MTSS searches were utilized. All searches were conducted between 2011 and 2015. STUDY SELECTION: Inclusion criteria were determined a priori and included original research with participants' pain diffuse, located in the posterior medial tibial region, and activity related. STUDY
designSystematic review with meta-analysis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4. DATA EXTRACTION: Titles and abstracts were reviewed to eliminate citations that did not meet the criteria for inclusion. Study characteristics identified a priori were extracted for data analysis. Statistical heterogeneity was examined using the I
resultsEighty-three articles met the inclusion criteria, and 22 articles included risk factor data. Of the 27 risk factors that were in 2 or more studies, 5 risk factors showed a significant pooled effect and low statistical heterogeneity, including female sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.35; CI, 1.58-3.50), increased weight (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.24; CI, 0.03-0.45), higher navicular drop (SMD, 0.44; CI, 0.21-0.67), previous running injury (OR, 2.18; CI, 1.00-4.72), and greater hip external rotation with the hip in flexion (SMD, 0.44; CI, 0.23-0.65). The remaining risk factors had a nonsignificant pooled effect or significant pooled effect with high statistical heterogeneity.
conclusionFemale sex, increased weight, higher navicular drop, previous running injury, and greater hip external rotation with the hip in flexion are risk factors for the development of MTSS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.