Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27729333›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2016

Calcium Intake From Diet and Supplements and the Risk of Coronary Artery Calcification and its Progression Among Older Adults: 10-Year Follow-up of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

John J B Anderson, Bridget Kruszka, Joseph A C Delaney, Ka He, Gregory L Burke, Alvaro Alonso, Diane E Bild, Matthew Budoff, Erin D Michos

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
93citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
15.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

93 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 181 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Guideline
  6. Pooled it
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  8. Trial
  9. Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation Are Not Associated With Risk of Incident Ischemic Cardiac Events or Death: Findings From the UK Biobank Cohort.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2018
    Trial
  10. Review
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  12. Article
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  16. Supplements for bone health.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2025
    Review
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  19. Article
  20. Review

33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.

John J B AndersonDepartment of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC.
Bridget KruszkaDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Joseph A C DelaneyDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Ka HeDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN.
Gregory L BurkeDivision of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC.
Alvaro AlonsoDepartment of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
Diane E BildPatient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, Washington, DC.
Matthew BudoffDivision of Cardiology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA.
Erin D MichosDivision of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD edonnell@jhmi.edu.
University of Washington · USEmory University · USIndiana University Bloomington · USJohns Hopkins University · USPatient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute · USThe Lundquist Institute · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USWake Forest University · US

Funding

Wake Forest Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR001420 · NCATS · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI ARD, JAMY D, FOLEY, KRISTIE L · 2015 to 2023
$32.3M
Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences InstituteUL1TR001108 · NCATS · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI DENNE, SCOTT C., SHEKHAR, ANANTHA · 2013 to 2017
$23.3M
Vitamin D, cerebrovascular risk, and neurocognitive decline: ARIC Brain MRI StudyR01NS072243 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI MICHOS, ERIN D · 2011 to 2014
$1.4M
CVD and inflammation across the lifespan in HIV infected adults and childrenR21HL120394 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI DELANEY, JOSEPH AUSTIN, KAPLAN, ROBERT C · 2013 to 2014
$360k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001108NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001420NHLBI NIH HHS R21 HL120394NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS072243
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRecent randomized data suggest that calcium supplements may be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Using a longitudinal cohort study, we assessed the association between calcium intake, from both foods and supplements, and atherosclerosis, as measured by coronary artery calcification (CAC). METHODS AND

resultsWe studied 5448 adults free of clinically diagnosed CVD (52% female; aged 45-84 years) from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Baseline total calcium intake was assessed from diet (using a food frequency questionnaire) and calcium supplements (by a medication inventory) and categorized into quintiles. Baseline CAC was measured by computed tomography, and CAC measurements were repeated in 2742 participants ≈10 years later. At baseline, mean calcium intakes across quintiles were 313.3, 540.3, 783.0, 1168.9, and 2157.4 mg/day. Women had higher calcium intakes than men. After adjustment for potential confounders, among 1567 participants without baseline CAC, the relative risk (RR) of developing incident CAC over 10 years, by quintile 1 to 5 of calcium intake, were 1 (reference), 0.95 (0.79-1.14), 1.02 (0.85-1.23), 0.86 (0.69-1.05), and 0.73 (0.57-0.93). After accounting for total calcium intake, calcium supplement use was associated with increased risk for incident CAC (RR=1.22 [1.07-1.39]). No relation was found between baseline calcium intake and 10-year changes in log-transformed CAC among those participants with baseline CAC >0.

conclusionsHigh total calcium intake was associated with a decreased risk of incident atherosclerosis over long-term follow-up, particularly if achieved without supplement use. However, calcium supplement use may increase the risk for incident CAC.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsAgedAged, 80 and overAtherosclerosisCalcium, DietaryCohort StudiesCoronary Artery DiseaseDietDisease ProgressionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedCalcium, Dietarycalciumcardiovascular imagingcoronary artery calciumdietepidemiology

Identifiers

PMID27729333
PMCPMC5121484
OpenAlexW2529964263

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.