ReviewGlobalization and health2016
Eradicating polio in Pakistan: an analysis of the challenges and solutions to this security and health issue.
Review in Globalization and health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04432935 (Effect of Bovine Lactoferrin on Seroconversion Following Polio Vaccine Administration in Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 62 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Bovine Lactoferrin on Seroconversion Following Polio Vaccine Administration in Children: A Randomized Control Trial
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Community engagement and integrated health and polio immunisation campaigns in conflict-affected areas of Pakistan: a cluster randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2017Trial
- Beyond Hesitancy: Current Multi-Level Polio Vaccine Refusals and Pathways to Acceptance in a High-Risk Region of Pakistan.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Navigating through HPV stigma: an intersectional lens on community engagement for vaccine acceptance in Pakistan.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Review
- Overcoming barriers to polio eradication in challenging subnational geographies: lessons from South Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, 2022-2024.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Progress and gaps in poliovirus immunity: Evidence from a serological survey of children aged 6-23 months in high-risk districts of Pakistan.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- A critical overview of the recent resurgence of polio in Pakistan as a public health concern for millions of children.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- A review on health system-based surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis: technological advancements, challenges, and outlooks.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Review
- Impediments to Progress Toward Polio Eradication During 2014-2024: Effectively Addressing the Current Challenges.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Article
- Breaking barriers: a qualitative study on polio vaccine hesitancy in Herat Province, Afghanistan.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Collateral damage from violent incidents: human costs of polio immunization.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2025Article
- Article
- Mission of polio eradication in Pakistan- a review on challenges and future recommendations.New microbes and new infections · 2025Review
- Community-Based Surveillance of Acute Flaccid Paralysis: A Review on Detection and Reporting Strategy.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Review
- Progress in Access and Oral Polio Vaccine Coverage Among Children Aged <5 Years in Polio Campaigns After the Political Change in Afghanistan.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Exploring Implications of Risk Communication Strategies in Diminishing Adversities of Misinformation and Disinformation Against Hepatitis Vaccination in Global South.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2025Article
- Estimating proportions of missed children and reasons for non-vaccination following implementation of "reaching the unreached" multiantigen immunization campaign-south Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, July-August 2023.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Effects of COVID-19 Illness and Vaccination Infodemic Through Mobile Health, Social Media, and Electronic Media on the Attitudes of Caregivers and Health Care Providers in Pakistan: Qualitative Exploratory Study.JMIR infodemiology · 2024Article
- Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since the launch of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in 1988 the global incidence of poliomyelitis has fallen by nearly 99 %. From a situation where wild type poliovirus was endemic in 125 countries across five continents, transmission is now limited to regions of just three countries - Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria. A sharp increase in Pakistan's poliomyelitis cases in 2014 prompted the International Health Regulations Emergency Committee to declare the situation a 'public health emergency of international concern'. Global polio eradication hinges on Pakistan's ability to address the religious, political and socioeconomic barriers to immunisation; including discrepancies in vaccine coverage, a poor health infrastructure, and conflict in polio-endemic regions of the country. This analysis provides an overview of the GPEI, focusing on the historical and contemporary challenges facing Pakistan's polio eradication programme and the impact of conflict and insecurity, and sheds light on strategies to combat vaccine hesitancy, engage local communities and build on recent progress towards polio eradication in Pakistan.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.