Observational studyBMC anesthesiology2016
Prevalence of pain 6 months after surgery: a prospective observational study.
Observational study in BMC anesthesiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01488617 (Mainz Outcome Predictor Studies), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Mainz Outcome Predictor Studies: An Observational Clinical Trial Investigating Physiological and Psychological Data as Predictors for Postoperative Outcome.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of Duloxetine for Postspine Surgery Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of liposomal bupivacaine versus bupivacaine for retrolaminar block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Trial
- Combined Surgery and Extensive Intraoperative Peritoneal Lavage vs Surgery Alone for Treatment of Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: The SEIPLUS Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA surgery · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Combatting pain after orthopedic/trauma surgery- perioperative oral extended-release tapentadol vs. extended-release oxycodone/naloxone.BMC anesthesiology · 2017Trial
- Assessing Pain Control and Satisfaction in Spine Surgery Amidst COVID-19 Staff Shortages: A Retrospective Study on Patient-Controlled Analgesia.The Iowa orthopaedic journal · 2026Article
- Associations between preoperative opioids, posthospitalization discharge disposition, and long-term opioid prescribing after spine surgery: a population-based cohort study.Asian spine journal · 2025Article
- Genome-wide association study on chronic postsurgical pain after abdominal surgeries in the UK Biobank.Anaesthesia · 2025Article
- Effects of Early Mobilization on Hemodynamics and Pain after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of caring sciences · 2025Article
- The Incidence and Risk Factors of Persis tent Opioid Use After Surgery—A Retrospective Secondary Data Analysis.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2024Article
- Personalized Approaches to Spine Surgery.International journal of spine surgery · 2024Article
- Bridging the pain gap after cancer surgery - Evaluating the feasibility of transitional pain service to prevent persistent postsurgical pain - A systematic review and meta-analysis.Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2024Article
- Management of Postoperative Pain in Patients Following Spine Surgery: A Narrative Review.International journal of general medicine · 2022Review
- Factors Affecting Prolonged Postoperative Pain and Analgesic Use After Arthroscopic Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Repair.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2021Article
- Effect and safety of intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy on patients suffering from colorectal cancer.World journal of surgical oncology · 2021Article
- The Predictive Role of Executive Functions and Psychological Factors on Chronic Pain after Orthopaedic Surgery: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- An Analysis of Predictors of Persistent Postoperative Pain in Spine Surgery.Current pain and headache reports · 2020Review
- Comparison of patient-controlled epidural analgesia with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia for laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.The Korean journal of pain · 2018Article
- Patient-reported outcomes 6 months after enhanced recovery after colorectal surgery.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2018Article
- Feasibility, Acceptability and Modification of a Post-surgical Telehealth Mindfulness-Based Intervention to Enhance Recovery After Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Prospective Intervention Study.Global advances in integrative medicine and healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPain after surgery is a major issue for patient discomfort and often associated with delayed recovery. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of pain and requirement for analgesics up to 6 months after elective surgery, independent if new pain symptoms occurred after surgery or if preoperative pain persisted in the postoperative period.
methodsA prospective observational single center cohort study was conducted between January 2012 and August 2013. Eligible patients were scheduled to undergo elective surgical interventions including joint (hip, knee arthroplasty), back (nucleotomy, spondylodesis), or urological surgery (cystectomy, prostatectomy, nephrectomy). Pain was assessed on an 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS) before, on postoperative day 2 and 6 months after surgery. Clinical information was collected with structured questionnaires and by telephone interview.
resultsSix hundred and forty-four patients gave informed consent, including 54.4 % men (mean age 62.2, SD 14.3). Higher preoperative pain scores were found in patients undergoing joint (mean 7.6; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 7.2-8.0) and back surgery (mean 7.1, CI: 6.8-7.5) than in patients prior to urological surgery (mean 2.3; CI: 1.8-2.8). After 6 months, about 50 % of patients after joint or back surgery indicated pain levels ≥3/10, compared to 15.9 % of patients after urological surgery (p < .001). 35.3 % of the patients after joint surgery and 41.3 % after back surgery still use pain medication 6 months postoperatively, in contrast to 7.3 % of patients after urological surgery. 13.6 % of patients who underwent back surgery indicated the regular intake of opioids.
conclusionsOur results reveal that a significant percentage of patients undergoing procedures in joint or back surgery still need pain medication up to 6 months postoperatively due to ongoing pain symptoms. Improved monitoring of pain management is warranted, especially after discharge from hospital, to improve long-term results.
trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT01488617 ); date of registration December 6th 2011.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.