Trial reportPloS one2016
Contamination by an Active Control Condition in a Randomized Exercise Trial.
Trial report in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01472744 (Influence of Fitness on Brain and Cognition II), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Influence of Fitness on Brain and Cognition II
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Acceptability and Effectiveness of a Fully Web-Based Nutrition and Exercise Program for Individuals With Chronic Disease During COVID-19: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Sensor-measured sedentariness and physical activity are differentially related to fluid and crystallized abilities in aging.Psychology and aging · 2020Trial
- Nutritional supplementation boosts aerobic exercise effects on functional brain systems.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2019Trial
- Effects of a randomized exercise trial on physical activity, psychological distress and quality of life in older adults.General hospital psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Exercise training effects on memory and hippocampal viscoelasticity in multiple sclerosis: a novel application of magnetic resonance elastography.Neuroradiology · 2017Trial
- IGROOVE: Protocol for a randomized, controlled, single-blind trial of dance intervention in older adults with subjective cognitive decline.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- The use of dance to improve the health and wellbeing of older adults: A global scoping review of research trials.PloS one · 2024Article
- Symmetric data-driven fusion of diffusion tensor MRI: Age differences in white matter.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Resting state functional connectivity provides mechanistic predictions of future changes in sedentary behavior.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Contamination within trials of community-based public health interventions: lessons from the HENRY feasibility study.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2021Article
- The Effect of High-Intensity Power Training on Habitual, Intervention and Total Physical Activity Levels in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Outcomes of the GREAT2DO Randomized Controlled Trial.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Brain Network Modularity Predicts Exercise-Related Executive Function Gains in Older Adults.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Contamination is commonly overlooked in randomized trials. The present study examined contamination (minutes of aerobic activity outside of exercise sessions) within an active control condition in a 6-month randomized exercise trial for older adults. We hypothesized that outside aerobic activity would be greater in the control condition compared to the intervention conditions. Participants (mean age = 65.06 years, 66.2% female) were randomly assigned to: Dance (n = 50), Walking, (n = 108), or Strength/Stretching/Stability (SSS; n = 48). Dance and Walking represented the experimental conditions and SSS the control condition. Participants attended exercise sessions three times weekly for 24 weeks. Participants recorded their physical activity outside of class on a weekly home log. Group assignment and covariates (age, gender, body mass index, exercise session intensity and enjoyment, and program adherence) were examined as predictors of weekly aerobic activity outside of exercise sessions. Participants who returned zero home logs were removed from the dataset (final N = 195). Out-of-class aerobic activity was lowest in the Walking group. Significant effects of gender, group, enjoyment, and intensity on out-of-class weekly aerobic activity were observed, all p<0.003. Higher perceived enjoyment of exercise sessions was associated with more out-of-class aerobic activity, while higher perceived intensity was associated with less out-of-class aerobic activity. A group x intensity interaction, p = 0.002, indicated that group differences in out-of-class aerobic activity were evident only among those with lower intensity perceptions. Walkers may have perceived exercise sessions as sufficient weekly exercise, while the Dance and SSS groups may have perceived the sessions as necessary, but insufficient. The lower aerobic intensity Dancers attributed to exercise sessions and non-aerobic nature of SSS may partially explain contamination observed in this study. Further examination of contamination in randomized controlled exercise trials is critically needed.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01472744.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.