ArticleAutophagy2016
Enhanced autophagy in pulmonary endothelial cells on exposure to HIV-Tat and morphine: Role in HIV-related pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Article in Autophagy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exploiting autophagy-targeting natural compounds for potential antimicrobial actions.Autophagy · 2026Review
- HIV-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Resource-Limited Settings: A "Forgotten" Diagnosis, a Great Imitator, and a Multi-Hit Pulmonary Vasculopathy.Pulmonary circulation · 2026Review
- Current Evidence on the Potential Role of EndothelialReviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- The Interplay Between Pulmonary Hypertension and Atrial Fibrillation: A Comprehensive Overview.Cells · 2025Review
- HIV-Tat and vascular endothelium: implications in the HIV associated brain, heart, and lung complications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Identification of the shared hub gene signatures and molecular mechanisms between HIV-1 and pulmonary arterial hypertension.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- RAB7 deficiency impairs pulmonary artery endothelial function and promotes pulmonary hypertension.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
- Cell Death in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.International journal of medical sciences · 2024Review
- Opioid abuse and SIV infection in non-human primates.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Review
- Molecular regulation and therapeutic implications of cell death in pulmonary hypertension.Cell death discovery · 2023Review
- HIV and Drug Use: A Tale of Synergy in Pulmonary Vascular Disease Development.Comprehensive Physiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Review
- Impact of human immunodeficiency virus on pulmonary vascular disease.Global cardiology science & practice · 2021Review
- Integrated miRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles Reveal Differentially Expressed miR-222a as an Antiviral Factor Against Duck Hepatitis A Virus Type 1 Infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Opioid-Mediated HIV-1 Immunopathogenesis.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Review
- Escalating morphine dosing in HIV-1 Tat transgenic mice with sustained Tat exposure reveals an allostatic shift in neuroinflammatory regulation accompanied by increased neuroprotective non-endocannabinoid lipid signaling molecules and amino acids.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Article
- MicroRNA-122 aggravates angiotensin II-mediated apoptosis and autophagy imbalance in rat aortic adventitial fibroblasts via the modulation of SIRT6-elabela-ACE2 signaling.European journal of pharmacology · 2020Article
- HIV X4 Variants Increase Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase in the Pulmonary Microenvironment and are associated with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- The hallmarks of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension: the cancer hypothesis-ten years later.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Intravenous drug use is one of the major risk factors for HIV-infection in HIV-related pulmonary arterial hypertension patients. We previously demonstrated exaggerated pulmonary vascular remodeling with enhanced apoptosis followed by increased proliferation of pulmonary endothelial cells on simultaneous exposure to both opioids and HIV protein(s). Here we hypothesize that the exacerbation of autophagy may be involved in the switching of endothelial cells from an early apoptotic state to later hyper-proliferative state. Treatment of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) with both the HIV-protein Tat and morphine resulted in an oxidative stress-dependent increase in the expression of various markers of autophagy and formation of autophagosomes when compared to either Tat or morphine monotreatments as demonstrated by western blot, transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. Autophagy flux experiments suggested increased formation rather than decreased clearance of autolysosomes. Inhibition of autophagy resulted in a significant increase in apoptosis and reduction in proliferation of HPMECs with combined morphine and Tat (M+T) treatment compared to monotreatments whereas stimulation of autophagy resulted in opposite effects. Significant increases in the expression of autophagy markers as well as the number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes was observed in the lungs of SIV-infected macaques and HIV-infected humans exposed to opioids. Overall our findings indicate that morphine in combination with viral protein(s) results in the induction of autophagy in pulmonary endothelial cells that may lead to an increase in severity of angio-proliferative remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature on simian and human immunodeficiency virus infection in the presence of opioids.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.