Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27722894›Full record

ArticlePharmacoEconomics2017

Modeling Treatment Sequences in Pharmacoeconomic Models.

Ying Zheng, Feng Pan, Sonja Sorensen

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PharmacoEconomics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Approaches to modeling treatment sequencing in practice: a thematic review of prior NICE appraisals.International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2025
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
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  14. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ying ZhengEvidera, 7101 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 1400, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
Feng PanJanssen Global Services, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA.
Sonja SorensenEvidera, 7101 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 1400, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA. sonja.sorensen@evidera.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As the number of interventions available in a therapeutic area increases, the relevant decision questions in health technology assessment (HTA) expand to compare treatment sequences instead of discrete treatments and identify optimal sequences or position for a particular treatment in a sequence. The objective of this work was to review approaches used to model treatment sequences and provide practical guidance on conceptualizing whether and how to model sequences in health economic models. Economic models including treatment sequencing assessed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence were reviewed, as these assessments generally provide both policy relevance and comprehensive model detail. We identified 40 treatment-sequence models in the following disease areas: oncology (13), autoimmune (7), cardiovascular (6), neurology/mental health (4), infectious disease (2), diabetes (2), and other (6). Modeling techniques included discrete event simulation (6), individual state-transition (3), decision tree (3) and, most commonly, cohort state-transition with tracking states (28). In most cases, treatment sequencing had been incorporated to reflect either clinical practice or clinical trial design. In other cases, it was used to assess where in a treatment sequence a new treatment should be placed, or to evaluate the addition of more efficacious treatment options to a current treatment sequence. Important considerations for determining how to best model sequences include the number of treatment options, patient heterogeneity, key outcomes, and event risk (time-varying or constant). The biggest challenge is the scarcity of clinical data, as clinical trials do not commonly evaluate different treatment sequences.

Indexed as

Economics, PharmaceuticalModels, EconomicComputer SimulationDecision MakingDecision TreesHumansTechnology Assessment, Biomedical

Identifiers

PMID27722894

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.