ArticleImmunobiology2017
Pneumocystis infection alters the activation state of pulmonary macrophages.
Article in Immunobiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Establishment and Preliminary Application of a Multiplex TaqMan Real-Time Fluorescence Quantitative PCR Assay for the Detection ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Helminth Immune Modulation and Invasive Fungal Infections in Sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Immune responses of different hosts toEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Review
- The importance of Fcγ and C-type lectin receptors in host immune responses duringInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- The pathobiology of human fungal infections.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- IFN-γ Limits Immunopathogenesis but Delays Fungal Clearance during Pneumocystis Pneumonia.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- The Dual Benefit of Sulfasalazine on Pneumocystis Pneumonia-Related Immunopathogenesis and Antifungal Host Defense Does Not Require IL-4Rα-Dependent Macrophage Polarization.Infection and immunity · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Pneumocystosis in Sub-Saharan Africa and Helminth Immune Modulation.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Bias of the Immune Response toJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Immune Response inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Review
- Myeloid arginase-1 controls excessive inflammation and modulates T cell responses in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia.Immunobiology · 2021Article
- Effect of Fonsecaea monophora on the Polarization of THP-1 Cells to Macrophages.Mycopathologia · 2020Article
- A circulating cell population showing both M1 and M2 monocyte/macrophage surface markers characterizes systemic sclerosis patients with lung involvement.Respiratory research · 2018Article
- Murine models of Pneumocystis infection recapitulate human primary immune disorders.JCI insight · 2018Article
- New advances in understanding the host immune response to Pneumocystis.Current opinion in microbiology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent studies show a substantial incidence of Pneumocystis jirovecii colonization and infection in patients with chronic inflammatory lung conditions. However, little is known about the impact of Pneumocystis upon the regulation of pulmonary immunity. We demonstrate here that Pneumocystis polarizes macrophages towards an alternatively activated macrophage-like phenotype. Genetically engineered mice that lack the ability to signal through IL-4 and IL-13 were used to show that Pneumocystis alternative macrophage activation is dependent upon signaling through these cytokines. To determine whether Pneumocystis-induced macrophage polarization would impact subsequent immune responses, we infected mice with Pneumocystis and then challenged them with Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14 days later. In co-infected animals, a higher proportion of macrophages in the alveolar and interstitial spaces expressed both classical and alternatively activated markers and produced the regulatory cytokines TGFβ and IL-10, as well as higher arginase levels than in mice infected with P. aeruginosa alone. Our results suggest that Pneumocystis reprograms the overall macrophage repertoire in the lung to that of a more alternatively-activated setpoint, thereby altering subsequent immune responses. These data may help to explain the association between Pneumocystis infection and decline in pulmonary function.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.