SynthesisJournal of medical Internet research2016
The Effectiveness of Lower-Limb Wearable Technology for Improving Activity and Participation in Adult Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Journal of medical Internet research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Can wearable real-time biofeedback gait training devices improve gait speed, balance, functional mobility and activities of daily living (ADL) in individuals post-stroke? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Pooled it
- Wearable Health Devices in Health Care: Narrative Systematic Review.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Upper Limb Wearable Technology for Improving Activity and Participation in Adult Stroke Survivors: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Pooled it
- Gait assessment using wearable technologies in neurological disorders: a rapid umbrella.Neurodegenerative disease managementPooled it
- Advancing stroke rehabilitation: the role of wearable technology according to research experts.Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology · 2025Article
- Aphasia rehabilitation: a narrative review of adjuvant techniques.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Review
- Deep Learning and IoT-Based Ankle-Foot Orthosis for Enhanced Gait Optimization.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Application of the participatory design in the testing of a baropodometric insole prototype for weight-bearing asymmetry after a stroke: A qualitative study.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOT · 2024Article
- Use of the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation Behaviour model (COM-B) to Understand Interventions to Support Physical Activity Behaviour in People with Stroke: An Overview of Reviews.Clinical rehabilitation · 2024Review
- Understanding stroke survivors' preferences regarding wearable sensor feedback on functional movement: a mixed-methods study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Clinical applications of smart wearable sensors.iScience · 2023Review
- Understanding preferences of stroke survivors for feedback provision about functional movement behavior from wearable sensors: a mixed-methods study.Research square · 2023Article
- The Impact of Wearable Devices on Physical Activity for Chronic Disease Patients: Findings from the 2019 Health Information National Trends Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Wearable Wrist Movement Monitoring Using Dual Surface-Treated Plastic Optical Fibers.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Exploring the clinical context of adopting an instrumented insole: a qualitative study of clinicians' preferences in England.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Review
- Review
- A Personalized Self-Management Rehabilitation System for Stroke Survivors: A Quantitative Gait Analysis Using a Smart Insole.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologies · 2016Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWith advances in technology, the adoption of wearable devices has become a viable adjunct in poststroke rehabilitation. Regaining ambulation is a top priority for an increasing number of stroke survivors. However, despite an increase in research exploring these devices for lower limb rehabilitation, little is known of the effectiveness.
objectiveThis review aims to assess the effectiveness of lower limb wearable technology for improving activity and participation in adult stroke survivors.
methodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) of lower limb wearable technology for poststroke rehabilitation were included. Primary outcome measures were validated measures of activity and participation as defined by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Databases searched were MEDLINE, Web of Science (Core collection), CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the RCTs.
resultsIn the review, we included 11 RCTs with collectively 550 participants at baseline and 474 participants at final follow-up including control groups and participants post stroke. Participants' stroke type and severity varied. Only one study found significant between-group differences for systems functioning and activity. Across the included RCTs, the lowest number of participants was 12 and the highest was 151 with a mean of 49 participants. The lowest number of participants to drop out of an RCT was zero in two of the studies and 19 in one study. Significant between-group differences were found across three of the 11 included trials. Out of the activity and participation measures alone, P values ranged from P=.87 to P ≤.001.
conclusionsThis review has highlighted a number of reasons for insignificant findings in this area including low sample sizes, appropriateness of the RCT methodology for complex interventions, a lack of appropriate analysis of outcome data, and participant stroke severity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.