ArticleArthropod structure & development2017
Localization of RR-1 and RR-2 cuticular proteins within the cuticle of Anopheles gambiae.
Article in Arthropod structure & development, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multimodal Insecticidal Activity ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Identification and Characterization of Cuticular Proteins in the Miridae InsectInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Cuticle thickening mediates insecticide penetration resistance in Spodoptera litura.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Metabolic reprogramming and gut microbiota ecology drive divergent Plasmodium vivax infection outcomes in Anopheles darlingi.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The Tra/Dsx-JHBP axis controls female-specific gene expression and oviposition in locusts.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- The dual role of the RR-2 cuticular protein gene in development and acaricide susceptibility of Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae).Experimental & applied acarology · 2025Article
- A Leg Cuticle Protein Enhances the Resistance ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Identifying the genes involved in the egg-carrying ovigerous hair development of the female blue crab Callinectes sapidus: transcriptomic and genomic expression analyses.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Structural and functional characterization of Aedes aegypti pupal cuticle protein that controls dengue virus infection.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2023Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Transcriptome-Based Expression Profile of Cuticular Protein Genes inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- A Blueprint of Microstructures and Stage-Specific Transcriptome Dynamics of Cuticle Formation inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Cuticle Protein LmACP19 Is Required for the Stability of Epidermal Cells in Wing Development and Morphogenesis ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- CPR63 promotes pyrethroid resistance by increasing cuticle thickness in Culex pipiens pallens.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Transposable element variants and their potential adaptive impact in urban populations of the malaria vectorGenome research · 2022Article
- Endocuticle is involved in caste differentiation of the lower termite.Current zoology · 2021Article
- Transcriptomic, proteomic and ultrastructural studies on salinity-tolerant Aedes aegypti in the context of rising sea levels and arboviral disease epidemiology.BMC genomics · 2021Article
- Transcriptomic analysis of the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, across all stages of the lifecycle.BMC genomics · 2021Article
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2 authors.
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Abstract
The largest arthropod cuticular protein family, CPR, has the Rebers and Riddiford (R&R) Consensus that in an extended form confers chitin-binding properties. Two forms of the Consensus, RR-1 and RR-2, have been recognized and initial data suggested that the RR-1 and RR-2 proteins were present in different regions within the cuticle itself. Thus, RR-2 proteins would contribute to exocuticle that becomes sclerotized, while RR-1s would be found in endocuticle that remains soft. An alternative, and more common, suggestion is that RR-1 proteins are used for soft, flexible cuticles such as intersegmental membranes, while RR-2s are associated with hard cuticle such as sclerites and head capsules. We used TEM immunogold detection to localize the position of several RR-1 and RR-2 proteins in the cuticle of Anopheles gambiae. RR-1s were localized in the procuticle of the soft intersegmental membrane except for one protein found in the endocuticle of hard cuticle. RR-2s were consistently found in hard cuticle and not in flexible cuticle. All RR-2 antibodies localized to the exocuticle and four out of six were also found in the endocuticle. Hence the location of RR-1s and RR-2s depends more on properties of individual proteins than on either hypothesis.
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