ArticleCell2016
Host-Protozoan Interactions Protect from Mucosal Infections through Activation of the Inflammasome.
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Article in Cell, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 198 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
198citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
22.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
198 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 344 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut protozoa of wild rodents - a meta-analysis.Parasitology · 2024Pooled it
- Fecal microbiota transplantation reverses insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes: A randomized, controlled, prospective study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Trial
- Micronutrient supplements can promote disruptive protozoan and fungal communities in the developing infant gut.Nature communications · 2021Trial
- A commensal protozoan exacerbates acetaminophen-induced liver injury by producing free sphingosine.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Giving a Rat's: Acquisition of Baseline Health Data on Native Australian Rodents During a Conservation Translocation.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Metabolic cooperation supports mutual growth between the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis and dysbiotic vaginal bacteria.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Salivary Microbiota From a Periodontitis Donor Is Associated With Altered IgA-Related Immune Features in Germ-Free Mice.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2026Article
- Hematological consequences of environmental change during dewilding of rhesus macaques.Nature communications · 2026Article
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- Resident microbes shape host immunity and protect against pathogen infection and inflammatory disease.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- Unraveling the disease pyramid: the role of environmental micro-eukaryotes in amphibian resistance to the deadly fungal pathogenmSystems · 2026Article
- Striking a balance: how the gut microbiome shapes the fate of intestinal CD4+ T cells.Discovery immunology · 2026Review
- Pulmonary injury in inflammatory bowel disease: intestinal barrier disruption, gut-lung axis remodeling, and treatment-related lung toxicity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- TSLP links intestinal nutrient sensing with amplification of the ILC2-tuft cell circuit.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Megasphaera Elesdenii Dysregulates Colon Epithelial Homeostasis, Aggravates Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Hematological Consequences of Environmental Change During Dewilding of Rhesus Macaques.Research square · 2025Article
- Article
- Giardia-induced Type 2 mucosal immunity attenuates intestinal inflammation caused by co-infection or colitis in mice.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Gene-environment interactions shape the host-microbial interface in inflammatory bowel disease.Nature immunology · 2025Review
138 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Aleksey ChudnovskiyDepartment of Oncological Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Immunological Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Arthur MorthaDepartment of Oncological Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Immunological Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Veronika KanaDepartment of Oncological Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Immunological Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Andrea KennardMolecular Parasitology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Juan David RamirezGrupo de Investigaciones Microbiologicas-UR (GIMUR), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Molecular Parasitology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Adeeb RahmanThe Immunological Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Romain RemarkDepartment of Oncological Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Immunological Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Ilaria MognoDepartment of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Ruby NgThe Immunological Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Sasha GnjaticThe Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Immunological Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
El-Ad David AmirDepartment of Oncological Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Immunological Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Alexander SolovyovThe Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Benjamin GreenbaumThe Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Jose ClementeThe Immunological Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Jeremiah FaithThe Immunological Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA.
Yasmine BelkaidMucosal Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; NIAID Microbiome Program, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Michael E GriggMolecular Parasitology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Miriam MeradDepartment of Oncological Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA; The Immunological Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1475 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10028, USA. Electronic address: miriam.merad@mssm.edu.
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USNational Institutes of Health · US
Funding
Role of the microbiota in immunityZIAAI001115 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI BELKAID, YASMINE · 2009 to 2025
$22.4MToxoplasma Population GeneticsZIAAI001018 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI GRIGG, MICHAEL · 2009 to 2025
$11.3MERK control of Dendritic Cell Differentiation, Homeostasis and DiseaseR01CA154947 · NCI · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI CARL E ALLEN, MIRIAM MERAD · 2011 to 2026
$7.0MContribution of the cutaneous APC network to melanoma progression and therapy.R01CA173861 · NCI · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI MERAD, MIRIAM · 2013 to 2017
$2.1MHarnessing Csf-2 compartmentalized role on tissue resident phagocytes to uncouple anti-tumoral from pathological immunity induced by checkpoint inhibitorsR01CA190400 · NCI · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI MERAD, MIRIAM · 2015 to 2019
$1.9MRole of Mucosal DC Subsets in the Control of Influenza A Virus ImmunityU01AI095611 · NIAID · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI MERAD, MIRIAM, PALUCKA, ANNA KAROLINA · 2011 to 2015
$1.8MNCI NIH HHS R01 CA154947NCI NIH HHS R01 CA173861NCI NIH HHS R01 CA190400NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI095611
Abstract
While conventional pathogenic protists have been extensively studied, there is an underappreciated constitutive protist microbiota that is an integral part of the vertebrate microbiome. The impact of these species on the host and their potential contributions to mucosal immune homeostasis remain poorly studied. Here, we show that the protozoan Tritrichomonas musculis activates the host epithelial inflammasome to induce IL-18 release. Epithelial-derived IL-18 promotes dendritic cell-driven Th1 and Th17 immunity and confers dramatic protection from mucosal bacterial infections. Along with its role as a "protistic" antibiotic, colonization with T. musculis exacerbates the development of T-cell-driven colitis and sporadic colorectal tumors. Our findings demonstrate a novel mutualistic host-protozoan interaction that increases mucosal host defenses at the cost of an increased risk of inflammatory disease.
Indexed as
Host-Parasite InteractionsAnimalsColitisDientamoebaImmunity, MucosalInflammasomesInterleukin-18Intestinal MucosaMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMicrobiotaSalmonella InfectionsSalmonella typhimuriumSymbiosisTh17 CellsTh1 CellsInflammasomesInterleukin-18colon cancercommensal protistgut dendritic cellsgut macrophagesIL-18IL-1binflammasomeintestinal bacterial infectionmicrobiomeTritrichomonas musculis
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.