ReviewFrontiers in neural circuits2016
Characterizing and Modulating Brain Circuitry through Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Electroencephalography.
Review in Frontiers in neural circuits, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Methodological Choices Matter: A Systematic Comparison of TMS-EEG Studies Targeting the Primary Motor Cortex.Human brain mapping · 2024Pooled it
- Neurophysiological profiles of patients with bipolar disorders as probed with transcranial magnetic stimulation: A systematic review.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2024Pooled it
- Resting and TMS-EEG markers of treatment response in major depressive disorder: A systematic review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- A novel approach for assessing neuromodulation using phase-locked information measured with TMS-EEG.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Pinging the brain with transcranial magnetic stimulation reveals cortical reactivity in time and space.Brain stimulationTrial
- State-Guided TMS-EEG for N100 Enhancement Study Based on Whole-Brain EEG Microstates.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Clinical utility and prospective of TMS-EEG: Updated review from an international expert group.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Recognizing EEG responses to active TMS vs. sham stimulations in different TMS-EEG datasets: A machine learning approach.NeuroImage · 2026Article
- Interhemispheric connectivity measured with transcranial magnetic stimulation and EEG as an objective marker of cognitive risk.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Sources of the N15 TMS-evoked potential following motor cortex stimulation localize rostrals to TMS-induced electric fields and depend on dose.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Non-invasive neuromodulation for drug-resistant epilepsy: a contemporary structured review of mechanisms, clinical evidence and future directions.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Noninvasive profiling of input-output excitability curves in human prefrontal cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Induced Modulation of Functional Connectivity in Healthy Controls: A TMS-EEG Graph Study.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- The cortical mechanisms underlying the analgesic effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2025Article
- EEG Biomarkers for a Precision-Medicine Approach to Noninvasive Brain Stimulation for Major Depressive Disorder.Research square · 2025Article
- A comparative study to assess synchronisation methods for combined simultaneous EEG and TMS acquisition.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- μ-Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Induces Phasic Entrainment and Plastic Facilitation of Corticospinal Excitability.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Article
- Enhancing functional recovery after ACL injury. A protocol for a randomized control trial of transcranial direct current stimulation over the motor cortex.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Utilization of Single-Pulse Transcranial-Evoked Potentials in Neurological and Psychiatric Clinical Practice: A Narrative Review.Neurology international · 2024Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The concurrent combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is a powerful technology for characterizing and modulating brain networks across developmental, behavioral, and disease states. Given the global initiatives in mapping the human brain, recognition of the utility of this technique is growing across neuroscience disciplines. Importantly, TMS-EEG offers translational biomarkers that can be applied in health and disease, across the lifespan, and in humans and animals, bridging the gap between animal models and human studies. However, to utilize the full potential of TMS-EEG methodology, standardization of TMS-EEG study protocols is needed. In this article, we review the principles of TMS-EEG methodology, factors impacting TMS-EEG outcome measures, and the techniques for preventing and correcting artifacts in TMS-EEG data. To promote the standardization of this technique, we provide comprehensive guides for designing TMS-EEG studies and conducting TMS-EEG experiments. We conclude by reviewing the application of TMS-EEG in basic, cognitive and clinical neurosciences, and evaluate the potential of this emerging technology in brain research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.