Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27713630›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine

Preparation and evaluation of a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system loaded with Akebia saponin D-phospholipid complex.

Jinyang Shen, Jianping Bi, Hongli Tian, Ye Jin, Yuan Wang, Xiaolin Yang, Zhonglin Yang, Junping Kou, Fei Li

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Development andDrug delivery · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Jinyang ShenState Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing.
Jianping BiShandong Provincial Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital & Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan.
Hongli TianState Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing.
Ye JinState Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing.
Yuan WangTraditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Pukou District.
Xiaolin YangKey Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Biological Marine Resources Research and Development of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine.
Zhonglin YangState Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing.
Junping KouJiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
Fei LiState Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing.
China Pharmaceutical University · CNNanjing University of Chinese Medicine · CNShandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine · CNShanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAkebia saponin D (ASD) exerts various pharmacological activities but with poor oral bioavailability. In this study, a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) based on the drug-phospholipid complex technique was developed to improve the oral absorption of ASD.

methodsASD-phospholipid complex (APC) was prepared using a solvent-evaporation method and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, morphology observation, and solubility test. Oil and cosurfactant were selected according to their ability to dissolve APC, while surfactant was chosen based on its emulsification efficiency in SNEDDS. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to determine the optimized APC-SNEDDS formulation, which was characterized by droplet size determination, zeta potential determination, and morphology observation. Robustness to dilution and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were also evaluated. Subsequently, pharmacokinetic parameters and oral bioavailability of ASD, APC, and APC-SNEDDS were investigated in rats.

resultsThe liposolubility significantly increased 11.4-fold after formation of APC, which was verified by the solubility test in

conclusionThese results indicated that APC-SNEDDS was a promising drug delivery system to enhance the oral bioavailability of ASD.

Indexed as

Administration, OralAnimalsBiological AvailabilityCalorimetry, Differential ScanningDrug Delivery SystemsEmulsionsEthylene GlycolsFemaleGlyceridesMaleParticle SizePhospholipidsPolyethylene GlycolsRats, Sprague-DawleySaponinsSolubilityakebia saponin DcarbitolcremophorEmulsionsEthylene GlycolsGlyceridesmonooleinPhospholipidsPolyethylene GlycolsSaponinsSurface-Active AgentsAkebia saponin Doral bioavailabilityphospholipid complexself-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems

Identifiers

PMID27713630
PMCPMC5045231
OpenAlexW2525934319

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.