ArticleIntensive care medicine2017
Increased incidence of co-infection in critically ill patients with influenza.
Article in Intensive care medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Mortality Risk Among Patients With Influenza Illness Admitted to the ICU: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Burden of pneumococcal disease among adults in Southern Europe (Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Greece): a systematic review and meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Pooled it
- Emerging strategies for the noninvasive diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia.Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2019Pooled it
- Prevalence and Outcomes of Bacterial Co-detections by Blood Culture Among Children and Adults Hospitalized With Laboratory-confirmed Influenza, Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network, 2022-2024.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- ERS Congress 2025: highlights from the Respiratory Intensive Care Assembly.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Severe community-acquired pneumonia: an integral approach.Journal of intensive care · 2026Review
- hMPV co-infections: Distinct immunopathogenic mechanisms and clinical implications of viral and bacterial pathogenesis.Folia microbiologica · 2025Review
- Influenza-associated invasive aspergillosis in the ICU: a prospective, multicentre cohort study.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Observational
- Exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide aggravates H1N1-mediated lung immunopathology via neutrophil extracellular trap formation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Risk and prognostic patterns of viral-associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: impact of corticosteroid and antibiotic exposure in non-neutropenic hosts.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics analysis and prediction model construction for pediatric influenza virus pneumonia complicated by bacterial infection.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanisms of co-infections.EMBO reports · 2025Review
- Machine Learning-Based Identification of Risk Factors for ICU Mortality in 8902 Critically Ill Patients with Pandemic Viral Infection.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a machine learning-based diagnostic model for identifying nonneutropenic invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in suspected patients: a multicenter cohort study.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Does Empirical Antibiotic Use Improve Outcomes in Ventilated Patients with Pandemic Viral Infection? A Multicentre Retrospective Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Role of Respiratory Viruses in Severe Acute Respiratory Failure.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- MICROBIAL PATTERNS AND DRUG SENSITIVITY TEST OF BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL INFECTION IN COVID-19 PATIENTS AT THE NATIONAL REFERRAL HOSPITAL IN NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA.African journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Dual threat: Susceptibility mechanisms and treatment strategies for COVID-19 and bacterial co-infections.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Review
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCo-infection is frequently seen in critically ill patients with influenza, although the exact rate is unknown. We determined the rate of co-infection, the risk factors and the outcomes associated with co-infection in critically ill patients with influenza over a 7-year period in 148 Spanish intensive care units (ICUs).
methodsThis was a prospective, observational, multicentre study. Influenza was diagnosed using the polymerase chain reaction. Co-infection had to be confirmed using standard bacteriological tests. The primary endpoint of this analysis was the presence of community-acquired co-infection, with secondary endpoints including ICU, 28-day and hospital mortality.
resultsOf 2901 ICU patients diagnosed with influenza, 482 (16.6 %) had a co-infection. The proportion of cases of co-infection increased from 11.4 % (110/968) in 2009 to 23.4 % (80/342) in 2015 (P < 0.001). Compared with patients without co-infection, patients with co-infection were older [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.1, 95 % confidence interval 1.1-1.2; P < 0.001] and were more frequently immunosuppressed due to existing HIV infection (aOR 2.6 [1.5-4.5]; P < 0.001) or preceding medication (aOR 1.4 [1.1-1.9]; P = 0.03). Co-infection was an independent risk factor for ICU mortality (aOR 1.4 [1.1-1.8]; P < 0.02), 28-day mortality (aOR 1.3 [1.1-1.7]; P = 0.04) and hospital mortality (aOR 1.9 [1.5-2.5]; P < 0.001).
conclusionsCo-infection in critically ill patients with influenza has increased in recent years. In this Spanish cohort, age and immunosuppression were risk factors for co-infection, and co-infection was an independent risk factor for ICU, 28-day and hospital mortality.
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