Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27708632›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2016

Multidrug Efflux Pumps at the Crossroad between Antibiotic Resistance and Bacterial Virulence.

Manuel Alcalde-Rico, Sara Hernando-Amado, Paula Blanco, José L Martínez

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
131citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

131 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 214 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Global trends in antimicrobial resistance ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Comparative genomics reveals genotype-phenotype concordance and cryptic resistomes in clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Microorganisms · 2025
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Immobile lipopolysaccharides and outer membrane proteins differentially segregate in growingProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. The AcrAB efflux pump contributes to the virulence of EnteroaggregativeFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Exploring the additive antibacterial potential ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025
    Article
  20. Review

71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Manuel Alcalde-RicoDepartamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid, Spain.
Sara Hernando-AmadoDepartamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid, Spain.
Paula BlancoDepartamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid, Spain.
José L MartínezDepartamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid, Spain.
Centro Nacional de Biotecnología · ESConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas · ES

Funding

NIMHD NIH HHS L60 MD002414
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multidrug efflux pumps can be involved in bacterial resistance to antibiotics at different levels. Some efflux pumps are constitutively expressed at low levels and contribute to intrinsic resistance. In addition, their overexpression may allow higher levels of resistance. This overexpression can be transient, in the presence of an effector (phenotypic resistance), or constitutive when mutants in the regulatory elements of the expression of efflux pumps are selected (acquired resistance). Efflux pumps are present in all cells, from human to bacteria and are highly conserved, which indicates that they are ancient elements in the evolution of different organisms. Consequently, it has been suggested that, besides antibiotic resistance, bacterial multidrug efflux pumps would likely contribute to other relevant processes of the microbial physiology. In the current article, we discuss some specific examples of the role that efflux pumps may have in the bacterial virulence of animals' and plants' pathogens, including the processes of intercellular communication. Based in these evidences, we propose that efflux pumps are at the crossroad between resistance and virulence of bacterial pathogens. Consequently, the comprehensive study of multidrug efflux pumps requires addressing these functions, which are of relevance for the bacterial-host interactions during infection.

Indexed as

antibiotic resistance mechanismsglobal regulationmultidrug efflux pumpsquorum sensingvirulence

Identifiers

PMID27708632
PMCPMC5030252
OpenAlexW2523570153

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.