Trial reportTobacco control2016
Role of sweet and other flavours in liking and disliking of electronic cigarettes.
Trial report in Tobacco control, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sweet Flavors and the Addictive Potential of E-Cigarettes: A Systematic Narrative Review.European addiction research · 2026Pooled it
- The Role of Nicotine and Flavor in the Abuse Potential and Appeal of Electronic Cigarettes for Adult Current and Former Cigarette and Electronic Cigarette Users: A Systematic Review.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of non-menthol flavours in e-cigarettes on perceptions and use: an updated systematic review.BMJ open · 2019Pooled it
- An E-Liquid Flavor Wheel: A Shared Vocabulary Based on Systematically Reviewing E-Liquid Flavor Classifications in Literature.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Pooled it
- A systematic review of consumer preference for e-cigarette attributes: Flavor, nicotine strength, and type.PloS one · 2018Pooled it
- The effect of "ice" components in sweet-flavored nicotine-containing e-liquids among young adult e-cigarette users.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Effects of Nicotine Content and Preferred Flavor on Subjective Responses to E-cigarettes: A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Laboratory Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Trial
- The effects of inhaled flavors on intravenous nicotine.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2021Trial
- A randomised controlled single-centre open-label pharmacokinetic study to examine various approaches of nicotine delivery using electronic cigarettes.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Comparative Indoor Pollution from Glo, Iqos, and Juul, Using Traditional Combustion Cigarettes as Benchmark: Evidence from the Randomized SUR-VAPES AIR Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- Effects of non-tobacco flavors and nicotine on e-cigarette product appeal among young adult never, former, and current smokers.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Trial
- Acute effects of electronic nicotine delivery system liquid nicotine form and sweet enhancer among people who use inhaled tobacco products.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Evaluating the substitutability of fruit versus menthol and tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes on combustible cigarette cessation: Randomized clinical trial protocol.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- Effects of menthol cigarette and e-cigarette flavour restrictions on tobacco product purchasing: insights from the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace.Tobacco control · 2026Article
- Social Influences Across Vaping Trajectories of Female Tertiary Students.Drug and alcohol review · 2026Article
- Effects of commercial unflavored and vanilla-flavored e-liquids on nicotine intake and withdrawal.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The impact of e-cigarette product characteristics on attitudes and use susceptibility: an experimental study.Health promotion international · 2025Article
- Evaluating the human abuse potential of concurrent use of electronic cigarettes and low nicotine cigarettes among adults who smoke.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Nicotine e-cigarettes for smoking cessation: a clinical pharmacology perspective.Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2025Review
- Redox Metabolomics of Menthol in Children's Plasma with Second-Hand Cigarette and Electronic Cigarette Exposures.Advances in redox research · 2025Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the extent to which the perception of sweet and other flavours is associated with liking and disliking of flavoured electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes).
methods31 participants (13 females/18 males; 12 sole/19 dual users) vaped 6 commercially available flavours of blu Tanks: Classic Tobacco (CT), Magnificent Menthol (MM), Cherry Crush (CC), Vivid Vanilla (VV), Piña Colada (PC) and Peach Schnapps (PS); all 'medium' strength, 12 mg/mL nicotine concentration. For each flavoured e-cigarette, participants first rated liking/disliking on the Labeled Hedonic Scale, followed by perceived intensities of sweetness, coolness, bitterness, harshness and specific flavour on the generalised version of the Labeled Magnitude Scale. The psychophysical testing was conducted individually in an environmental chamber.
resultsPC was perceived as sweetest and liked the most; CT was perceived as least sweet and liked the least. Across all flavours, liking was correlated with sweetness (r=0.31), coolness (r=0.25), bitterness (r=-0.25) and harshness (r=-0.29, all p<0.001). Specifically, liking was positively correlated with sweetness of PS (r=0.56, p=0.001) and PC (r=0.36, p=0.048); and with coolness of MM, CT and VV (r=0.41-0.52, p<0.05). In contrast, harshness was negatively correlated with liking for CC, PC and PS (r=0.37-0.40, p<0.05). In a multivariate model, sweetness had the greatest positive impact on liking followed by coolness; harshness had the greatest negative impact on liking.
conclusionsOur findings indicate that bitterness and harshness, most likely from nicotine, have negative impacts on the liking of e-cigarettes, but the addition of flavourants that elicit sweetness or coolness generally improves liking. The results suggest that flavours play an important role in e-cigarette preference and most likely use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.