SynthesisEndocrine2017
Cushing's syndrome and pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review of published cases.
Synthesis in Endocrine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disease activity and maternal-fetal outcomes in pregnant women with cushing's syndrome: a systematic review and meta‑analysis.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Cushing syndrome manifested during pregnancy and diagnosed following a fragility fracture of the pelvis.JCEM case reports · 2026Article
- Prolactin receptor overexpression in pregnancy-associated Cushing syndrome and functional implications.JCEM case reports · 2026Article
- Pregnancy-induced Cushing syndrome: diagnosis and management of a rare endocrine disorder.JCEM case reports · 2026Article
- Cushing's disease across the lifespan: a case-based clinical review.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- Update and Practical Recommendations for the Use of Medical Treatment of Cushing Syndrome.Endocrine reviews · 2026Review
- Article
- Case Report: Reversible central hypothyroidism-like thyroid dysfunction revealing ACTH-independent cushing syndrome during pregnancy.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- A case of recurrent Cushing's disease with optimised perinatal outcomes.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports · 2025Article
- The Effects of Maternal Endocrinopathies and Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors During Pregnancy on the Fetus and Newborn.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- ACTH-dependent Cyclic Cushing Syndrome With Successful Pregnancy and Early Postpartum Relapse.JCEM case reports · 2025Article
- Sexual dimorphism in benign adrenocortical tumours.European journal of endocrinology · 2025Review
- Successful Medical Management of Cushing Disease With Metyrapone Throughout Pregnancy: A Report of 2 Cases.JCEM case reports · 2025Article
- Cushing syndrome.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- A case of Cushing's syndrome in a pregnant woman associated with hypertension, hypokalemia, and gestational diabetes mellitus.Diabetology international · 2024Article
- Cushing's disease with twin pregnancy and diabetes mellitus: a case report and literature review.Endocrine journal · 2024Review
- Cushing's Syndrome Missed in Pregnancy.Cureus · 2024Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pregnancy in Cushing's syndrome (CS) is extremely rare due to the influence of hypercortisolism on the reproductive axis. Purpose of this study is to investigate whether the etiology of CS in pregnancy determines a different impact on the fetal/newborn and maternal outcomes. We performed a systematic review of cases published in the literature from January 1952 to April 2015 including the words "Cushing AND pregnancy". We included 168 manuscripts containing 220 patients and 263 pregnancies with active CS during pregnancy and with a history of CS but treated and cured hypercortisolism at the time of gestation. Adrenal adenoma was the main cause of active CS during pregnancy (44.1 %). Women with active CS had more gestational diabetes mellitus (36.9 vs. 2.3 %, p = 0.003), gestational hypertension (40.5 vs. 2.3 %, p < 0.001) and preeclampsia (26.3 vs. 2.3 %, p = 0.001) than those with cured disease. The proportion of fetal loss in active CS was higher than in cured CS (23.6 vs. 8.5 %, p = 0.021), as well as global fetal morbidity (33.3 vs. 4.9 %, p < 0.001). The predictors of fetal loss in active CS were etiology of hypercortisolism [Odds Ratio -OR-for pregnancy-induced CS 4.7 (95 % Confidence Interval-CI 1.16-18.96), p = 0.03], publication period [OR for "1975-1994" 0.10 (95 % CI 0.03-0.40), p = 0.001] and treatment during gestation (p = 0.037, [OR medical treatment 0.25 (95 % CI 0.06-1.02), p = 0.052], [OR surgical treatment 0.34 (95 % CI 0.11-1.06), p = 0.063]). The period of diagnosis of CS (before, during or after pregnancy) was the only predictor of overall fetal morbimortality [OR for diagnosis during pregnancy 4.66 (95 % CI 1.37-15.83), p = 0.014]. Patients with active CS, especially in pregnancy-induced CS, experienced more problems in pregnancy and had the worst fetal prognosis in comparison to other causes. Diagnosis of CS during pregnancy was also associated with worse overall fetal morbimortality. Both medical treatment and surgery during pregnancy appeared to be protective in avoiding fetal loss.
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Registered trials
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