ArticlePeerJ2016
Sex differences in pacing during 'Ultraman Hawaii'.
Article in PeerJ, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Ultra-Cycling- Past, Present, Future: A Narrative Review.Sports medicine - open · 2024Review
- Performance and pacing of professional IRONMAN triathletes: the fastest IRONMAN World Championship ever-IRONMAN Hawaii 2022.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Participation and performance trends in short-, medium, and long-distance duathlon.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Changes in pacing variation with increasing race duration in ultra-triathlon races.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Even Pacing Is Associated with Faster Finishing Times in Ultramarathon Distance Trail Running-The "Ultra-Trail du Mont Blanc" 2008-2019.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Effects of The Performance Level and Race Distance on Pacing in Ultra-Triathlons.Journal of human kinetics · 2019Article
- The Differences in Pacing Among Age Groups of Amateur Cross-Country Skiers Depend on Performance.Journal of human kinetics · 2019Article
- The Combined Effect of Aging and Performance Level on Pacing in Duathlon - the "ITU Powerman Long Distance Duathlon World Championships".Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
- The Effect of Sex and Performance Level on Pacing in Duathlon.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo date, little is known for pacing in ultra-endurance athletes competing in a non-stop event and in a multi-stage event, and especially, about pacing in a multi-stage event with different disciplines during the stages. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the effect of age, sex and calendar year on triathlon performance and variation of performance by events (i.e., swimming, cycling 1, cycling 2 and running) in 'Ultraman Hawaii' held between 1983 and 2015.
methodsWithin each sex, participants were grouped in quartiles (i.e., Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4) with Q1 being the fastest (i.e., lowest overall time) and Q4 the slowest (i.e., highest overall time). To compare performance among events (i.e., swimming, cycling 1, cycling 2 and running), race time in each event was converted in
resultsA between-within subjects ANOVA showed a large sex × event (
conclusionIn summary, women pace differently than men during 'Ultraman Hawaii' where the fastest women decreased performance on day 1 and could then maintain on day 2 and 3, whereas the fastest men worsened performance on day 1 and 2 but improved on day 3.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.