ReviewClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR2016
Patient-level costs of major cardiovascular conditions: a review of the international literature.
Review in ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06744023 (The Effect of Improved Envıronment Accordıng to Watson's Theory of Human Care on Sleep, Anxıety, and Depressıon ın Patıents Undergoıng Open Heart Surgery), which is not on this map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Improved Envıronment Accordıng to Watson's Theory of Human Care on Sleep, Anxıety, and Depressıon ın Patıents Undergoıng Open Heart Surgery: A Randomızed Controlled Study
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cost of Chronic Heart Failure Among Adult Europeans-A Systematic Literature Review.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Direct Cardiovascular Event Costs: An International Perspective.PharmacoEconomics · 2019Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness of Gamification, Financial Incentives, or Both to Increase Physical Activity Among Patients With Elevated Risk for Cardiovascular Disease.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2025Trial
- Cost-Effectiveness of Intensifying Lipid-Lowering Therapy With Statins Based on Individual Absolute Benefit in Coronary Artery Disease Patients.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2017Trial
- Role of the APOE polymorphism in carotid and lower limb revascularization: A prospective study from Southern Italy.PloS one · 2017Trial
- US Public Health Gains from Improved Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia: A Simulation Study of NHANES Adults Treated to Guideline-Directed Therapy.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness of contingency management for methamphetamine use disorder: A model-based analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Department Practices for Cardiopulmonary Symptoms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Cost-Utility Analysis of Endovascular Ultrasound Renal Denervation to Treat Resistant Hypertension in the United States.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2025Article
- Machine learning-driven prediction of medical expenses in triple-vessel PCI patients using feature selection.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Data Mining to Identify the Right Interventions for the Right Patient for Heart Failure: A Real-World Study.Healthcare informatics research · 2025Article
- Economic and equity evaluation of age restrictions on over-the-counter diet pills and muscle-building supplements.Health affairs scholar · 2025Article
- Catheter-Based Radiofrequency Renal Denervation in the United States: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Based on Contemporary Evidence.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2024Article
- Cost Offset of Dapagliflozin in the US Medicare Population with Cardio-Kidney Metabolic Syndrome.Advances in therapy · 2024Article
- Socioeconomic per-case costs of stroke, myocardial infarction, and preterm birth attributable to air pollution in Sweden.PloS one · 2024Article
- Prognostic nomogram for uncontrolled type 2 diabetes using Thailand nation-wide cross-sectional studies.PloS one · 2024Article
- Association between the extension of smoke-free legislation and incident acute myocardial infarctions in Singapore from 2010 to 2019: an interrupted time-series analysis.BMJ global health · 2023Article
- Burden of lipoprotein(a) for patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: A retrospective analysis from the United States.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2023Article
- Plasma concentration of TMAO is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in patients after acute myocardial infarction.Postepy w kardiologii interwencyjnej = Advances in interventional cardiology · 2023Article
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of implementing polygenic risk score in a workplace cardiovascular disease prevention program.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveRobust cost estimates of cardiovascular (CV) events are required for assessing health care interventions aimed at reducing the economic burden of major adverse CV events. This review synthesizes international cost estimates of CV events.
methodsMEDLINE database was searched electronically for English language studies published during 2007-2012, with cost estimates for CV events of interest - unstable angina, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and CV revascularization. Included studies provided at least one estimate of patient-level direct costs in adults for any identified country. Information on study characteristics and cost estimates were collected. All costs were adjusted for inflation to 2013 values.
resultsAcross the 114 studies included, the average cost was US $6,466 for unstable angina, $11,664 for acute myocardial infarction, $11,686 for acute heart failure, $11,635 for acute ischemic stroke, $37,611 for coronary artery bypass graft, and $13,501 for percutaneous coronary intervention. The ranges for cost estimates varied widely across countries with US cost estimate being at least twice as high as European Union costs for some conditions. Few studies were found on populations outside the US and European Union.
conclusionThis review showed wide variation in the cost of CV events within and across countries, while showcasing the continuing economic burden of CV disease. The variability in costs was primarily attributable to differences in study population, costing methodologies, and reporting differences. Reliable cost estimates for assessing economic value of interventions in CV disease are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.