ArticleStroke2016
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden Is Increased in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Article in Stroke, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Oligoprotein type I interferon signatures, but not TREX1 variants, increase risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in UK Biobank.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- Reliability and validity of the total cerebral small vessel disease score: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- The risk factors of cerebral small vessel disease in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.BMC rheumatology · 2025Article
- Behçet Disease and Cognitive Impairment: A Case Study of an Overlooked Symptom.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Inflammatory disorders that affect the cerebral small vessels.Chinese medical journal · 2025Review
- Enlarged perivascular spaces as vascular health indicators: correlations with clinical and imaging data in young and middle-age stroke patients.Neuroradiology · 2025Article
- Brain perfusion and blood-brain barrier permeability in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Associations with disease activity, cognitive dysfunction, fatigue and pain.Neuroimage. Reports · 2025Article
- Microglial activation without peripheral immune cell infiltration characterises mouse and human cerebral small vessel disease.Neuropathology and applied neurobiology · 2024Article
- Cognitive impairment in individuals with rheumatic diseases: the role of systemic inflammation, immunomodulatory medications, and comorbidities.The Lancet. Rheumatology · 2024Review
- Deciphering Mechanisms, Prevention Strategies, Management Plans, Medications, and Research Techniques for Strokes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The brain microvasculature is a primary mediator of interferon-α neurotoxicity in human cerebral interferonopathies.Immunity · 2024Article
- Choroid plexus and perivascular space enlargement in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Imaging of brain barrier inflammation and brain fluid drainage in human neurological diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- Paranasal sinus occupancy assessed from magnetic resonance images-associations with clinical indicators in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- A nested case-control study investigating short-term prognosis, clinical and imaging features in acute ischemic stroke patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2023Article
- Systemic lupus erythematosus phenotypes formed from machine learning with a specific focus on cognitive impairment.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- MRI BrainAGE demonstrates increased brain aging in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Review
- Emerging concepts of type I interferons in SLE pathogenesis and therapy.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2022Review
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Perivascular Space Abnormalities in Neuromyelitis Optica.Annals of neurology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) increases stroke risk, but the mechanism is uncertain. This study aimed to determine the association between SLE and features on neuroimaging of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), a risk factor for stroke.
methodsConsecutive patients attending a clinic for SLE were recruited. All patients underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging; had blood samples taken for markers of inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, cholesterol, and autoantibodies; and underwent cognitive and psychiatric testing. The data were compared with sex- and age-matched healthy controls and patients with minor stroke. Features of SVD were measured, a total SVD score calculated, and associations sought with vascular risk factors, cognition, SLE activity, and disease duration.
resultsFifty-one SLE patients (age: 48.8 years; SD: 14.3 years) had a greater total SVD score compared with healthy controls (1 versus 0; P<0.0001) and stroke patients (1 versus 0; P=0.02). There were higher perivascular spaces and deep white matter hyperintensity scores and more superficial brain atrophy in SLE patients versus healthy controls. Despite fewer vascular risk factors than similarly aged stroke patients, SLE patients had similar or more of some SVD features. The total SVD score was not associated with SLE activity, cognition, disease duration, or any blood measure.
conclusionsIn this data set, SLE patients had a high burden of SVD features on magnetic resonance imaging, particularly perivascular spaces. A larger longitudinal study is warranted to determine the causes of SVD features in SLE and clinical implications.
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