Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27702788›Full record

ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2016

Mapping a multiplexed zoo of mRNA expression.

Harry M T Choi, Colby R Calvert, Naeem Husain, David Huss, Julius C Barsi, Benjamin E Deverman, Ryan C Hunter, Mihoko Kato, S Melanie Lee, Anna C T Abelin and 19 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 152 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
152citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

152 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  7. The tuxedo sea urchinbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  12. eLife · 2026
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  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Multiplexed Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization in Plant-Parasitic Nematodes.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. A fastFly · 2025
    Article

92 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors.

Harry M T ChoiDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Colby R CalvertDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Naeem HusainDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
David HussDepartment of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Julius C BarsiDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Benjamin E DevermanDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Ryan C HunterDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Mihoko KatoDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
S Melanie LeeDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Anna C T AbelinDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Adam Z RosenthalDivision of Engineering & Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Omar S AkbariDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Yuwei LiDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Bruce A HayDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Paul W SternbergDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Paul H PattersonDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Eric H DavidsonDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Sarkis K MazmanianDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
David A ProberDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Matt van de RijnDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Jared R LeadbetterDivision of Engineering & Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Dianne K NewmanDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Carol ReadheadDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Marianne E BronnerDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Barbara WoldDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Rusty LansfordDepartment of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Tatjana Sauka-SpenglerRadcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
Scott E FraserDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Niles A PierceDivision of Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA Division of Engineering & Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA niles@caltech.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-2367-4406

Funding

Hybridization Chain Reaction: In Situ Amplification for Biological ImagingR01EB006192 · NIBIB · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI PIERCE, NILES A · 2005 to 2022
$5.2M
Neuropeptidergic Regulation of Zebrafish SleepR01NS070911 · NINDS · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI PROBER, DAVID AARON · 2011 to 2020
$3.5M
Regulation of Zebrafish Sleep by Neuromedin UR01NS101158 · NINDS · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI PROBER, DAVID AARON · 2017 to 2020
$1.4M
Regulation of Zebrafish Sleep by Neuromedin UR56NS094390 · NINDS · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI PROBER, DAVID AARON · 2016 to 2016
$411k
Medical Research Council G0902418Medical Research Council G1000801NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB006192NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS070911NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS101158NINDS NIH HHS R56 NS094390
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In situ hybridization methods are used across the biological sciences to map mRNA expression within intact specimens. Multiplexed experiments, in which multiple target mRNAs are mapped in a single sample, are essential for studying regulatory interactions, but remain cumbersome in most model organisms. Programmable in situ amplifiers based on the mechanism of hybridization chain reaction (HCR) overcome this longstanding challenge by operating independently within a sample, enabling multiplexed experiments to be performed with an experimental timeline independent of the number of target mRNAs. To assist biologists working across a broad spectrum of organisms, we demonstrate multiplexed in situ HCR in diverse imaging settings: bacteria, whole-mount nematode larvae, whole-mount fruit fly embryos, whole-mount sea urchin embryos, whole-mount zebrafish larvae, whole-mount chicken embryos, whole-mount mouse embryos and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human tissue sections. In addition to straightforward multiplexing, in situ HCR enables deep sample penetration, high contrast and subcellular resolution, providing an incisive tool for the study of interlaced and overlapping expression patterns, with implications for research communities across the biological sciences.

Indexed as

AnimalsDrosophilaEmbryo, NonmammalianHumansIn Situ HybridizationRNA, MessengerZebrafishRNA, MessengerBacteria, Whole-mount embryos and larvaeDeep sample penetrationHigh contrastHybridization chain reaction (HCR)In situ amplificationIn situ hybridizationMultiplexingSubcellular resolutionTissue sections

Identifiers

PMID27702788
PMCPMC5087610

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.