Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27701403›Full record

ArticleNature biotechnology2016

Genome-scale high-resolution mapping of activating and repressive nucleotides in regulatory regions.

Jason Ernst, Alexandre Melnikov, Xiaolan Zhang, Li Wang, Peter Rogov, Tarjei S Mikkelsen, Manolis Kellis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biotechnology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
105citing papers in PubMed
10.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

105 citing papers in PubMed, 180 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Context-dependent regulatory variants in Alzheimer's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  18. AnFrontiers in genetics · 2025
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45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jason ErnstDepartment of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Alexandre MelnikovBroad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Xiaolan ZhangBroad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Li WangBroad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Peter RogovBroad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Tarjei S MikkelsenBroad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8133-3135
Manolis KellisBroad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Broad Institute · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

EDAC: ENCODE Data Analysis CenterU41HG007000 · NHGRI · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI WENG, ZHIPING · 2012 to 2016
$9.8M
1/2 Genomic Strategies to Identify High-impact Psychiatric Risk VariantsU01MH105578 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI FREIMER, NELSON B., GESCHWIND, DANIEL H · 2014 to 2018
$8.5M
Expanding the catalog of chromatin regulatory elements in the human genomeU54HG006991 · NHGRI · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI BERNSTEIN, BRADLEY EVAN · 2012 to 2016
$7.9M
"Ribonomics" of Gene Regulation to predict Innate Immune ResponsesU01HG007912 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI BLACK, DOUGLAS L, HOFFMANN, ALEXANDER · 2015 to 2017
$5.8M
Powering whole genome sequence-based genetic discovery for common human diseases- Extended 2021-2022.U01HG009088 · NHGRI · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI LIN, XIHONG, NEALE, BENJAMIN MICHAEL · 2016 to 2021
$5.1M
Regulatory Morif Discovery in the Human Genome Using Comparative GenomicsR01HG004037 · NHGRI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI KELLIS, MANOLIS · 2007 to 2015
$3.9M
Cell type specific epigenetic analysis to understand complex mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease phenotypesRF1AG054012 · NIA · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI KELLIS, MANOLIS, TSAI, LI-HUEI · 2016 to 2016
$3.9M
Epigenomic variation atlas across human tissues and individuals in GTExU01HG007610 · NHGRI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI KELLIS, MANOLIS · 2014 to 2016
$3.0M
Interpreting non-coding variants using epigenomics, regulatory models, & validation experimentsR01HG008155 · NHGRI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI KELLIS, MANOLIS · 2015 to 2017
$2.3M
Network-based prediction and validation of causal schizophrenia genes and variantsR01MH109978 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI EGGAN, KEVIN C, KELLIS, MANOLIS · 2016 to 2020
$2.1M
Tag-Seq: A Flexible Framework for Highly Multiplexed Reporter AssaysR01HG006785 · NHGRI · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI MIKKELSEN, TARJEI SIGURD · 2012 to 2014
$1.1M
Comparative analysis and regulatory architecture of epigenomics datasetsR01GM113708 · NIGMS · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI KELLIS, MANOLIS · 2015 to 2017
$852k
NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG004037NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG006785NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG008155NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG007610NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG007912NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG009088NHGRI NIH HHS U41 HG007000NHGRI NIH HHS U54 HG006991NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG054012NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES024995NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM113708NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH109978NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH105578
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Massively parallel reporter assays (MPRAs) enable nucleotide-resolution dissection of transcriptional regulatory regions, such as enhancers, but only few regions at a time. Here we present a combined experimental and computational approach, Systematic high-resolution activation and repression profiling with reporter tiling using MPRA (Sharpr-MPRA), that allows high-resolution analysis of thousands of regions simultaneously. Sharpr-MPRA combines dense tiling of overlapping MPRA constructs with a probabilistic graphical model to recognize functional regulatory nucleotides, and to distinguish activating and repressive nucleotides, using their inferred contribution to reporter gene expression. We used Sharpr-MPRA to test 4.6 million nucleotides spanning 15,000 putative regulatory regions tiled at 5-nucleotide resolution in two human cell types. Our results recovered known cell-type-specific regulatory motifs and evolutionarily conserved nucleotides, and distinguished known activating and repressive motifs. Our results also showed that endogenous chromatin state and DNA accessibility are both predictive of regulatory function in reporter assays, identified retroviral elements with activating roles, and uncovered 'attenuator' motifs with repressive roles in active chromatin.

Indexed as

Chromosome MappingConserved SequenceEpigenetic RepressionGenome, HumanHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHumansNucleotidesRegulatory Sequences, Nucleic AcidReproducibility of ResultsSensitivity and SpecificityNucleotides

Identifiers

PMID27701403
PMCPMC5125825
OpenAlexW2529467427

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.