Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2016
Passive and post-exercise cold-water immersion augments PGC-1α and VEGF expression in human skeletal muscle.
Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05861219 (Alternative Haemodiafiltration in Summer Season for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Alternative Haemodiafiltration in Summer Season for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Regular Cold-Water Immersion Use on Training-Induced Changes in Strength and Endurance Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Pooled it
- Intramuscular Temperature Changes in the Quadriceps Femoris Muscle After Post-Exercise Cold-Water Immersion (10°C for 10 min): A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2021Pooled it
- Low pre-exercise muscle glycogen availability offsets the effect of post-exercise cold water immersion in augmenting PGC-1α gene expression.Physiological reports · 2019Trial
- Effects of cold water immersion versus active recovery on oxidative stress, redox gene expression and mitochondrial adaptations after strength training.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Physical and Mental Recovery for Female Footballers: Considerations and Approaches for Better Practice.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Cold exposure and human metabolism: A heterogeneous response across tissues and organs.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2026Review
- Cooling of male rat skeletal muscle during endurance-like contraction attenuates contraction-induced PGC-1α mRNA expression.Physiological reports · 2023Article
- Effects of cold water immersion and protein intake combined recovery after eccentric exercise on exercise performance in elite soccer players.Journal of exercise rehabilitation · 2023Article
- A 7-Week Summer Camp in Antarctica Induces Fluctuations on Human Oral Microbiome, Pro-Inflammatory Markers and Metabolic Hormones Profile.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- The Influence of Winter Swimming on Oxidative Stress Indicators in the Blood of Healthy Males.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Article
- Cold for centuries: a brief history of cryotherapies to improve health, injury and post-exercise recovery.European journal of applied physiology · 2022Review
- Functional Impact of Post-exercise Cooling and Heating on Recovery and Training Adaptations: Application to Resistance, Endurance, and Sprint Exercise.Sports medicine - open · 2022Review
- Angiostatic freeze or angiogenic move? Acute cold stress prevents angiokine secretion from murine myotubes but primes primary endothelial cells for greater migratory capacity.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Quality Matters? The Involvement of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Cardiovascular Disease.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Adaptations to Post-exercise Cold Water Immersion: Friend, Foe, or Futile?Frontiers in sports and active living · 2021Review
- PGC-1α alternative promoter (Exon 1b) controls augmentation of total PGC-1α gene expression in response to cold water immersion and low glycogen availability.European journal of applied physiology · 2020Article
- Synergic effects of exercise training and octopamine on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator -1a and uncoupling protein 1 mRNA in heart tissue of rat treated with deep frying oil.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2020Article
- Effects of 7°C environmental temperature acclimation during a 3-week training period.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2020Article
- Postexercise cooling impairs muscle protein synthesis rates in recreational athletes.The Journal of physiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeWe tested the hypothesis that both post-exercise and passive cold water immersion (CWI) increases PGC-1α and VEGF mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle.
methodStudy 1 Nine males completed an intermittent running protocol (8 × 3-min bouts at 90 % [Formula: see text], interspersed with 3-min active recovery (1.5-min at 25 % and 1.5-min at 50 % [Formula: see text]) before undergoing CWI (10 min at 8 °C) or seated rest (CONT) in a counterbalanced, randomised manner. Study 2 Ten males underwent an identical CWI protocol under passive conditions.
resultsStudy 1 PGC-1α mRNA increased in CONT (~3.4-fold; P < 0.001) and CWI (~5.9-fold; P < 0.001) at 3 h post-exercise with a greater increase observed in CWI (P < 0.001). VEGFtotal mRNA increased after CWI only (~2.4-fold) compared with CONT (~1.1-fold) at 3 h post-exercise (P < 0.01). Study 2 Following CWI, PGC-1α mRNA expression was significantly increased ~1.3-fold (P = 0.001) and 1.4-fold (P = 0.0004) at 3 and 6 h, respectively. Similarly, VEGF165 mRNA was significantly increased in CWI ~1.9-fold (P = 0.03) and 2.2-fold (P = 0.009) at 3 and 6 h post-immersion.
conclusionsData confirm post-exercise CWI augments the acute exercise-induced expression of PGC-1α mRNA in human skeletal muscle compared to exercise per se. Additionally CWI per se mediates the activation of PGC-1α and VEGF mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle. Cold water may therefore enhance the adaptive response to acute exercise.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.