ArticleNature medicine2016
Zika viral dynamics and shedding in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques.
Article in Nature medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 193 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
193 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 301 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sexual Transmission of Arboviruses: A Systematic Review.Viruses · 2020Pooled it
- Zika virus infection in the genital tract of non-pregnant females: a systematic review.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2020Pooled it
- Sexual transmission of Zika virus and other flaviviruses: A living systematic review.PLoS medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Zika virus: unraveling the complex interplay between viral pathogenesis and host immune defenses.Virology journal · 2026Review
- Immunological and transcriptomic profile of chimeric live-attenuated Zika vaccine linked to protection in non-human primates.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Zika Virus: A Tale of Two Lineages.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Inside-out: modelling the link between Zika virus viral dynamics within hosts and transmission to vectors across host species and virus strains.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2025Article
- Role of non-human primate models in accelerating research and developing countermeasures against Zika virus infection.The Lancet. Microbe · 2025Review
- Article
- Pathological characterization of female reproductive organs prior to miscarriage induced by Zika virus infection in the pregnant common marmoset.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Persistent innate immune dysfunction and ZIKV replication in the gastrointestinal tract during SIV infection in pigtail macaques.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases: global trends and new strategies for their prevention and control.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Fetal Zika virus inoculation in macaques revealed control of the fetal viral load during pregnancy.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Ad26.M.Env ZIKV vaccine protects pregnant rhesus macaques and fetuses against Zika virus infection.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Chronic innate immune impairment and ZIKV persistence in the gastrointestinal tract during SIV infection in pigtail macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- The Susceptibility of Chickens to Zika Virus: A Comprehensive Study on Age-Dependent Infection Dynamics and Host Responses.Viruses · 2024Article
- How robust are estimates of key parameters in standard viral dynamic models?PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Zika Virus-A Reemerging Neurotropic Arbovirus Associated with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Neuropathogenesis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- A Pocket Guide to CCR5-Neurotropic Flavivirus Edition.Viruses · 2023Review
- Treatment with sofosbuvir attenuates the adverse neurodevelopmental consequences of Zika virus infection in infant rhesus macaques.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2023Article
133 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
20 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Infection with Zika virus has been associated with serious neurological complications and fetal abnormalities. However, the dynamics of viral infection, replication and shedding are poorly understood. Here we show that both rhesus and cynomolgus macaques are highly susceptible to infection by lineages of Zika virus that are closely related to, or are currently circulating in, the Americas. After subcutaneous viral inoculation, viral RNA was detected in blood plasma as early as 1 d after infection. Viral RNA was also detected in saliva, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and semen, but transiently in vaginal secretions. Although viral RNA during primary infection was cleared from blood plasma and urine within 10 d, viral RNA was detectable in saliva and seminal fluids until the end of the study, 3 weeks after the resolution of viremia in the blood. The control of primary Zika virus infection in the blood was correlated with rapid innate and adaptive immune responses. We also identified Zika RNA in tissues, including the brain and male and female reproductive tissues, during early and late stages of infection. Re-infection of six animals 45 d after primary infection with a heterologous strain resulted in complete protection, which suggests that primary Zika virus infection elicits protective immunity. Early invasion of Zika virus into the nervous system of healthy animals and the extent and duration of shedding in saliva and semen underscore possible concern for additional neurologic complications and nonarthropod-mediated transmission in humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.