ArticleScientific reports2016
Pollen-mediated gene flow and seed exchange in small-scale Zambian maize farming, implications for biosafety assessment.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic diversity and population structure of pearl millet in the Senegalese germplasm.PloS one · 2026Article
- Quadruplet codon decoding-based versatile genetic biocontainment system.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Microbial Biocontainment Systems for Clinical, Agricultural, and Industrial Applications.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Article
- Introgression of a cry1Ab transgene into open pollinated maize and its effect on Cry protein concentration and target pest survival.PloS one · 2019Article
- Reply to the EFSA (2016) on the relevance of recent publications (Hofmann et al. 2014, 2016) on environmental risk assessment and management of Bt-maize events (MON810, Bt11 and 1507).Environmental sciences Europe · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gene flow in agricultural crops is important for risk assessment of genetically modified (GM) crops, particularly in countries with a large informal agricultural sector of subsistence cultivation. We present a pollen flow model for maize (Zea mays), a major staple crop in Africa. We use spatial properties of fields (size, position) in three small-scale maize farming communities in Zambia and estimate rates of cross-fertilisation between fields sown with different maize varieties (e.g. conventional and transgene). As an additional factor contributing to gene flow, we present data on seed saving and sharing among farmers that live in the same communities. Our results show that: i) maize fields were small and located in immediate vicinity of neighboring fields; ii) a majority of farmers saved and shared seed; iii) modeled rates of pollen-mediated gene flow showed extensive mixing of germplasm between fields and farms and iv) as a result, segregation of GM and non-GM varieties is not likely to be an option in these systems. We conclude that the overall genetic composition of maize, in this and similar agricultural contexts, will be strongly influenced both by self-organised ecological factors (pollen flow), and by socially mediated intervention (seed recycling and sharing).
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