Observational studyMedicine2016
Longitudinal association between early atopic dermatitis and subsequent attention-deficit or autistic disorder: A population-based case-control study.
Observational study in Medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Age differences in psychological comorbidity in atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Bidirectional association between atopic dermatitis and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Association Between Atopic Dermatitis and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2020Pooled it
- Defining the Potential for Disease Modification in Atopic Dermatitis.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Review
- Remote Interdisciplinary Care for Atopic Dermatitis Using a Digital Care Concept (ADCompanion): Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Mast Cells in the Developing Brain.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Comparative Neuropsychiatric Outcomes of JAK Inhibitors, Dupilumab, and Conventional Immunosuppressants in Atopic Dermatitis: A Real-World Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Mindful approaches: Association between atopic dermatitis and autism spectrum disorder and use of visual storyboards.Dermatology online journal · 2026Article
- The relationship between allergic diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders in children enrolled in primary healthcare.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Atopic Dermatitis and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Common Role of Environmental and Clinical Co-Factors in the Onset and Severity of Their Clinical Course.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Psychology of Atopic Dermatitis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Atopic Dermatitis: Disease Background and Risk Factors.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Relationship between Eczema and Self-reported Difficulties Keeping up with School Education: A Cross-sectional Study.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2023Article
- Proteomic characterization of atopic dermatitis blood from infancy to adulthood.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2023Observational
- Atopic dermatitis and risk of major neuropsychiatric disorders in children: A population-based cohort study.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2023Article
- Link between the skin and autism spectrum disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Heterogeneity in Autism Spectrum Disorder Case-Finding Algorithms in United States Health Administrative Database Analyses.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2022Review
- Early childhood allergy linked with development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2022Article
- Associations between Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder within Families: A Population-Based Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The Difference of Gut Microbiota and Their Correlations With Urinary Organic Acids Between Autistic Children With and Without Atopic Dermatitis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the common allergic diseases in children. The presence of allergic diseases was found to have association with the risk of developing attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in children, but it is still inconclusive. This study was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between AD developed during toddlerhood and subsequent development of ADHD or ASD in later childhood. Toddlers born between 1998 and 2008 and diagnosed with AD at the age younger than 3 years and older than 1 month were retrieved from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Age- and gender-matched toddlers with no lifetime AD were enrolled as the control group. All enrolled toddlers were followed until 2011 to identify the development of ADHD or ASD. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to analyze the hazard ratios (HRs). The risks associated with allergic comorbidities were analyzed. A total of 18,473 toddlers were enrolled into the AD group. The presence of AD significantly increased the risk of developing ADHD (HR = 2.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.48-3.45) or ASD (HR = 8.90, 95% CI = 4.98-15.92) when aged 3 years or older. Children from the AD group with 3 comorbidities together, namely, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and asthma, had the greatest risk of developing ADHD and ASD (ADHD: HR = 4.67, 95% CI = 3.81-5.43; ASD: HR = 16.65, 95% CI = 8.63-30.60). In conclusion, toddlers who suffer from AD at the age younger than 3 years are at a higher risk of developing ADHD and ASD during later childhood. Pediatricians taking care of toddlers with AD should have knowledge of this increased risk of developing ADHD and ASD later in life, especially when children have certain comorbidities such as allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and asthma.
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Registered trials
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