ArticleMedicine2016
Neutrophils assist the metastasis of circulating tumor cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: A new hypothesis and a new predictor for distant metastasis.
Article in Medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 32 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- The Duality of Collagens in Metastases of Solid Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Neutrophil Spatiotemporal Regulatory Networks: Dual Roles in Tumor Growth Regulation and Metastasis.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- The critical role of platelet in cancer progression and metastasis.European journal of medical research · 2023Review
- Evaluation of multiple biological indicators for the combined diagnosis of metastases from colorectal cancer-a retrospective study based on 1163 patients.World journal of surgical oncology · 2023Article
- Immunotherapy and Pancreatic Cancer: A Lost Challenge?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Clinical Significance of PD-L1 Status in Circulating Tumor Cells for Cancer Management during Immunotherapy.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Conditional Knockout of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-Alpha in Tumor-Infiltrating Neutrophils Protects against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Tumor-associated neutrophils in pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis.American journal of cancer research · 2023Review
- Predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for distant metastasis in gastric cancer patients.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Review
- Review
- Preoperative CTC-Detection by CellSearchCancers · 2021Article
- Competing Risk Analysis of Outcomes of Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer Patients Undergoing Definitive Radiotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- The Immune Microenvironment in Pancreatic Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Tumor associated neutrophils promote the metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Cancer biology & therapy · 2020Article
- EMT-Associated Heterogeneity in Circulating Tumor Cells: Sticky Friends on the Road to Metastasis.Cancers · 2020Review
- Review
- Ion Channels Orchestrate Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Progression and Therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Review
- Cooperative and Escaping Mechanisms between Circulating Tumor Cells and Blood Constituents.Cells · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During our research on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) derived from tumor-adjacent vessels in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we found that CTCs are sometimes surrounded by white blood cells (WBCs) in blood. We hypothesize that such interaction between WBCs and CTCs in blood is a mechanism by which WBCs assist in the metastasis of CTCs. We present our laboratory finding, with our evaluation of the association between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR, the most investigated clinical parameter of WBCs) and distant metastasis after curative surgery in PDAC. The laboratory finding was presented through immunofluorescence. In the clinical segment, we performed a retrospective study on PDAC patients with distant metastasis after curative surgery who were referred to Peking University Third Hospital between 2005 and 2014. The data on the possible clinical factors were collected by a retrospective review of the patients' records. Immunofluorescence results showed that CTCs are surrounded by WBCs in tumor-adjacent vessels of PDAC patients. In the clinical segment, 112 (70%) of a total of 160 PDAC patients were found to have developed distant metastases after surgery; among the 112 patients, only 89 had entire data and were enrolled for further analysis (84.3% patients had liver metastasis). No significant association was found between the NLR and overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.027, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.723-1.459, P = 0.88); however, a significant relationship between the NLR and distant metastasis after curative surgery was found on the univariate (HR = 1.641, 95% CI 1.058-2.545, P = 0.027) and multivariate analyses (HR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.279-3.615, P = 0.004). Neutrophils might assist in distant metastasis through interaction with CTCs in blood. Moreover, NLR is an effective predictor for distant metastasis after curative surgery for PDAC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.