ArticlePLoS genetics2016
Arabidopsis CaM1 and CaM4 Promote Nitric Oxide Production and Salt Resistance by Inhibiting S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase via Direct Binding.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulation of GSNOR activity for improved NO homeostasis and flood resilience in plants.Plant signaling & behavior · 2026Review
- Hydrogen Gas Enhances Salinity Tolerance in Tomato Seedlings by Regulating the S-Nitrosylation of MEK1.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Roles of ROS and NO in Plant Responses to Individual and Combined Salt Stress and Waterlogging.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Zea Maize Calmodulin (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Central Role of GSNOR: Decoding Nitric Oxide Signaling for Crop Stress Tolerance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Comparative Physiological and Transcriptomics Profiling Provides Integrated Insight into Melatonin Mediated Salt and Copper Stress Tolerance inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Characterization of the GGP gene family in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and its expression analysis under hormonal and abiotic stresses.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Resveratrol enhances the tolerance ofFrontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- NO Is Not the Same as GSNO in the Regulation of Fe Deficiency Responses by Dicot Plants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Multiple Ways of Nitric Oxide Production in Plants and Its Functional Activity under Abiotic Stress Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of calmodulin and calmodulin-like genes in wheat (Plant signaling & behavior · 2022Article
- CALMODULIN1 and WRKY53 Function in Plant Defense by Negatively Regulating the Jasmonic Acid Biosynthesis Pathway in Arabidopsis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- The Role of Nitric Oxide in Plant Responses to Salt Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Linalool Activates Oxidative and Calcium Burst and CAM3-ACA8 Participates in Calcium Recovery in Arabidopsis Leaves.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Delineating Calcium Signaling Machinery in Plants: Tapping the Potential through Functional Genomics.Current genomics · 2021Review
- Molecular responses of legumes to abiotic stress: post-translational modifications of proteins and redox signaling.Journal of experimental botany · 2021Review
- Crosstalk between abscisic acid and nitric oxide under heat stress: exploring new vantage points.Plant cell reports · 2021Review
- Nitric Oxide Overproduction byPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Salt is a major threat to plant growth and crop productivity. Calmodulin (CaM), the most important multifunctional Ca2+ sensor protein in plants, mediates reactions against environmental stresses through target proteins; however, direct proof of the participation of CaM in salt tolerance and its corresponding signaling pathway in vivo is lacking. In this study, we found that AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 produced salt-responsive CaM isoforms according to real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses; this result was verified based on a phenotypic analysis of salt-treated loss-of-function mutant and transgenic plants. We also found that the level of nitric oxide (NO), an important salt-responsive signaling molecule, varied in response to salt treatment depending on AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 expression. GSNOR is considered as an important and widely utilized regulatory component of NO homeostasis in plant resistance protein signaling networks. In vivo and in vitro protein-protein interaction assays revealed direct binding between AtCaM4 and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), leading to reduced GSNOR activity and an increased NO level. Overexpression of GSNOR intensified the salt sensitivity of cam4 mutant plants accompanied by a reduced internal NO level, whereas a gsnor deficiency increased the salt tolerance of cam4 plants accompanied by an increased internal NO level. Physiological experiments showed that CaM4-GSNOR, acting through NO, reestablished the ion balance to increase plant resistance to salt stress. Together, these data suggest that AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 serve as signals in plant salt resistance by promoting NO accumulation through the binding and inhibition of GSNOR. This could be a conserved defensive signaling pathway in plants and animals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.