SynthesisOncotarget2016
The efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies for treatment of advanced or refractory cancers: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02938546 (18F-FDG Metabolism Imaging Monitoring Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Curative Effect of Chemotherapy Multicenter Clinical Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 69 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
18F-FDG Metabolism Imaging Monitoring Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Curative Effect of Chemotherapy Multicenter Clinical Study
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and safety of first-line treatments for advanced non-small cell lung cancer with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Thoracic cancer · 2019Pooled it
- Safety and Efficacy in Relapsed or Refractory Classic Hodgkin's Lymphoma Treated with PD-1 Inhibitors: A Meta-Analysis of 9 Prospective Clinical Trials.BioMed research international · 2019Pooled it
- Prognostic value of PD-L1 expression in tumor infiltrating immune cells in cancers: A meta-analysis.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Immunotherapy as a Promising Treatment for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review.Journal of immunology research · 2017Pooled it
- Pembrolizumab as Second-Line Therapy for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma.The New England journal of medicine · 2017Trial
- Management of extravasations of enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab: a case report and mini review of the current literature.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Automated measurement of CD8+ T-cell distribution at the tumor epithelial-stromal interface is associated with NSCLC immunotherapy benefit and transcriptomic pathways.Journal of pathology informatics · 2026Article
- Tumor-targeted aptamer-conjugated engineered bacteria for CXCL9 cytokine delivery in non-small cell lung cancer immunotherapy.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Optimization of Immune Checkpoint Blockade via a Multiscale Model System.Computational and systems oncology · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles-derived LncRNA MAFG-AS1 predicts clinical response to pembrolizumab in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Engineered Probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii Reduces Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Burden in Mice.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2025Article
- Engineered bacteria: Strategies and applications in cancer immunotherapy.Fundamental research · 2025Review
- Article
- Dual function antibody targeting αvβ3 and PD-L1 provide a promising strategy for solid tumor therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- A cost-effectiveness comparison between immunotherapy combination regimens and sunitinib for advanced renal cell carcinoma in the USA and China.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2025Article
- PD-L1 expression in testicular germ cell tumors undergoing spontaneous regression.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2024Article
- Nivolumab Rechallenge After Prior Nivolumab Therapy in Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Single-Center Case Series and Literature Review.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2024Review
- The prognostic significance of programmed cell death protein 1 and its ligand on lymphoma cells and tumor-immune cells in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified.Radiology and oncology · 2024Article
- Clinical significance of blocking novel immune checkpoint B7-H4 in urothelial carcinoma of bladder as a potential therapeutic target.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo systematically evaluate the overall efficacy and safety of current anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies for treatment of patients with advanced or refractory cancer.
resultsFifty-one trials including 6,800 patients were included. The overall response rates for melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were 29% (95% CI: 1.53-2.41), 21% (95% CI: 17%-25%) and 21% (95% CI: 16%-27%) respectively. While the overall adverse effects rate for melanoma, NSCLC, RCC were 16% (95% CI: 6%-28%), 11% (95% CI: 8%-14%) and 20% (95% CI: 11%-32%) respectively. Tumor PD-L1 expression and patient smoking status might serve as biomarkers to predict response of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody treatment. Compared to tumors with negative PD-L1 expression, tumors with positive PD-L1 expression had a significantly higher clinical response rate (41.4% versus 26.5%) with RR = 1.92 (95% CI: 1.53-2.41, P < 0.001). Smoker patients also showed a significantly higher response rate (33.7%) than patients who never smoked (4.2%) with RR = 6.02 (95% CI: 1.22-29.75, P = 0.028). Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab were associated with significantly increased response rate (RR = 2.89, 95% CI: 2.46-3.40, P < 0.001), reduced death risk (HR= 0.53; 95% CI: 0.48-0.57; P < 0.001), and decreased adverse effect rate (RR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.30-0.80, P = 0.004) compared with other therapies. EXPERIMENTAL
designClinical trials reporting response or safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies for advanced or refractory cancer patients published before January 31th 2016 were searched in PubMed and EMBASE database. Meta-analyses using random effects models were used to calculate the overall estimate.
conclusionsAnti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies have high response rates and low adverse effect rates for advanced or refractory cancers.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.