ArticleOncotarget2017
Changes in the cellular immune system and circulating inflammatory markers of stroke patients.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Immunomodulation for stroke-associated pneumonia: a systematic review of mechanistic insight and emerging therapeutic strategies in animal models.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Immunotherapies for Ischemic Stroke Patients: Current Status and Future Directions.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Circulating Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells Are Associated With Acute Human Ischemic Stroke and Predict Poor Outcome.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Infection Associated with Global Cerebral Edema and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Circulating CD4+, CD8+, and double-negative T cells in ischemic stroke and stroke-associated infection: a prospective case-control study.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- The influence of gender on CD4Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Article
- The Involvement of Immune Cells Between Ischemic Stroke and Gut Microbiota.Translational stroke research · 2024Review
- Uncovering the dual roles of peripheral immune cells and their connections to brain cells in stroke and post-stroke stages through single-cell sequencing.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- A dietary intervention with conjugated linoleic acid enhances microstructural white matter reorganization in experimental stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Temporal changes in regulatory T cell subsets defined by the transcription factor Helios in stroke and their potential role in stroke-associated infection: a prospective case-control study.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- IL-1 Beta-A Biomarker for Ischemic Stroke Prognosis and Atherosclerotic Lesions of the Internal Carotid Artery.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Naïve-memory regulatory T cells ratio is a prognostic biomarker for patients with acute ischemic stroke.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Post-ischemic inflammatory response in the brain: Targeting immune cell in ischemic stroke therapy.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Th1/Th2 polarization of peripheral immune response in atherothrombotic and cardioembolic stroke: a prospective study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Systemic inflammation after stroke: implications for post-stroke comorbidities.EMBO molecular medicine · 2022Review
- Inflammatory Responses After Ischemic Stroke.Seminars in immunopathology · 2022Review
- Interaction Between Innate Lymphoid Cells and the Nervous System.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Review
- Stroke-induced changes to immune function and their relevance to increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease.Discovery immunology · 2022Review
- Regulatory T cells in ischemic stroke.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate dynamic changes in the cellular immune system and circulating inflammatory markers after ischemic stroke. Blood was collected from 96 patients and 99 age-matched control subjects for detection of lymphocyte subpopulations and inflammatory markers. We observed decreases in B cells, Th cells, cytotoxic T cells, and NK cells and an increase in regulatory T (Treg) cells in stroke patients on days 1, 3, and 7. Serum levels of TNF-α, C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-23, and TGF-β increased, whereas serum level of IFN-γ decreased at all time points after stroke. Stroke patients with infection exhibited a similar tendency toward changes in some lymphocyte subpopulations and inflammatory markers as stroke patients without infection. After controlling for NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS), we observed no differences in lymphocyte subpopulations between patients with anterior circulation stroke and those with posterior circulation stroke at any time point. The splenic volume correlated positively with the percentages of B cells, Th cells, and cytotoxic T cells, but negatively with Treg cells on day 3 after stroke. Infections were associated with splenic volume, leukocyte counts, percentage of Treg cells, and serum levels of CRP, IL-10, and IFN-γ on day 3. Lesion volume correlated positively with CRP, IL-6, and IL-23, but negatively with IFN-γ on day 3. The NIHSS showed a positive relation with IL-6 and IL-10 on day 3. Ischemic stroke has a profound effect on the systemic immune system that might explain the increased susceptibility of stroke patients to infection.
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