ArticleHypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension2017
Second derivative of the finger photoplethysmogram and cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged and elderly Japanese women.
Article in Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Digital Predictors of Morbidity, Hospitalization, and Mortality Among Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in digital health · 2020Pooled it
- Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction Alters the Pulsatile Behavior of the Resting Coronary Blood Flow.Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994) · 2025Trial
- A filamentary soft robotic probe for multimodal in utero monitoring of fetal health.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Photoplethysmography acceleration indices as digital biomarkers of cardiometabolic health.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- A Two-Branch ResNet-BiLSTM Deep Learning Framework for Extracting Multimodal Features Applied to PPG-Based Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Non-Contact Blood Pressure Monitoring Using Radar Signals: A Dual-Stage Deep Learning Network.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Second Derivative of the Finger Photoplethysmogram Predicts the Risk of Developing Hypertension in Middle-Aged Men.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2025Article
- Photoplethysmography Features Correlated with Blood Pressure Changes.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Predicting cardiovascular disease risk using photoplethysmography and deep learning.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Noninvasive hemodynamic indices of vascular aging: an in silico assessment.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2023Article
- A Study of Brain Function Characteristics of Service Members at High Risk for Accidents in the Military.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Assessing hemodynamics from the photoplethysmogram to gain insights into vascular age: a review from VascAgeNet.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2022Review
- Diagnostic Features and Potential Applications of PPG Signal in Healthcare: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Wearable Photoplethysmography for Cardiovascular Monitoring.Proceedings of the IEEE. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers · 2022Article
- Age-Related Changes in the Characteristics of the Elderly Females Using the Signal Features of an Earlobe Photoplethysmogram.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Associations between Job Strain and Arterial Stiffness: A Large Survey among Enterprise Employees from Thailand.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Toward Generating More Diagnostic Features from Photoplethysmogram Waveforms.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- The time is ripe to reevaluate the second derivative of the digital photoplethysmogram (SDPTG), originating in Japan, as an important tool for cardiovascular risk and central hemodynamic assessment.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2017Article
- Advanced waveform analysis of the photoplethysmogram signal using complementary signal processing techniques for the extraction of biomarkers of cardiovascular function.JRSM cardiovascular diseaseArticle
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The second derivative of the digital photoplethysmogram (SDPTG) is an indicator of arterial stiffness. The ratio of the height of the d wave to the a wave of the SDPTG (d/a) is associated with functional peripheral vascular tension and represents aortic-blood pressure (BP) augmented by reflection waves from the periphery. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the relationship between SDPTG and cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged and elderly Japanese women. From 1998 to 2008, we recruited 4373 women (50-79 years old at baseline) who underwent medical check-ups and SDPTG measurement. The SDPTG index (d/a) was calculated from the wave component height, and was divided into quartiles (Q) according to the d/a value. The median follow-up period was 9.0 years. The d/a value was negatively associated with age and BP, and positively associated with heart rate and body height. Using the Cox proportional hazards model, the hazard ratios for cardiovascular mortality for Q2, Q3 and Q4 were significantly higher than that of Q1. In multivariate analysis, the hazard ratio was 2.30 for Q3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-4.99, P<0.05) and 2.60 for Q4 (95% CI: 1.21-5.60, P<0.05), after adjustment for age, height, body mass index, BP levels, heart rate and other atherosclerosis-related factors. The hazard ratios of cardiovascular mortality for Q3 and Q4 were significantly higher compared with the reference (Q1). Thus, the SDPTG d/a is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in middle-aged and elderly Japanese women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.