ArticleParasites & vectors2016
The geographical distribution and prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in animals in the European Union and adjacent countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Meta-analysis of the prevalence of Echinococcus in dogs in China from 2010 to 2019.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Worldwide literature on epidemiology of human alveolar echinococcosis: a systematic review of research published in the twenty-first century.Infection · 2019Pooled it
- Potential risk factors associated with human alveolar echinococcosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Pooled it
- Presence of red foxes and contamination withFood and waterborne parasitology · 2026Article
- How can environmental fecal sampling supportFood and waterborne parasitology · 2026Article
- Annual assessment ofEFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in coyotes in Washington State, USA highlights need for increased wildlife surveillance.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Golden jackals as hosts of zoonotic parasites: preliminary findings from southern Poland.Journal of veterinary research · 2026Article
- Unwelcome guests: Nematodes of zoonotic and animal health importance in native and invasive carnivores of Hungary.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026Article
- An update on the prevalence ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- The Role of Foxes in Transmitting Zoonotic Bacteria to Humans: A Scoping Review.Zoonoses and public health · 2025Article
- First detection ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2025Article
- Chasing intermediate hosts ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2025Article
- Annual assessment ofEFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
- Double Trouble on the Lower Leg-Unique Human Coinfection withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- New evidence from the northern Apennines, Italy, suggests a southward expansion of Echinococcus multilocularis range in Europe.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genetic diversity and genotyping ofFrontiers in parasitology · 2025Review
- Molecular identification of zoonotic taeniids metacestodes in several rodent species trapped in Central Europe.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Helminth diversity of nutria (Parasitology · 2025Article
- Retrospective multidisciplinary analysis of human alveolar echinococcosis in Hungary using spatial epidemiology approaches.Scientific reports · 2024Article
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to provide a systematic review on the geographical distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis in definitive and intermediate hosts in the European Union (EU) and adjacent countries (AC). The relative importance of the different host species in the life-cycle of this parasite was highlighted and gaps in our knowledge regarding these hosts were identified.
methodsSix databases were searched for primary research studies published from 1900 to 2015. From a total of 2,805 identified scientific papers, 244 publications were used for meta-analyses.
resultsStudies in 21 countries reported the presence of E. multilocularis in red foxes, with the following pooled prevalence (PP): low (≤ 1 %; Denmark, Slovenia and Sweden); medium (> 1 % to < 10 %; Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Romania and the Ukraine); and high (> 10 %; Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Liechtenstein and Switzerland). Studies from Finland, Ireland, the United Kingdom and Norway reported the absence of E. multilocularis in red foxes. However, E. multilocularis was detected in Arctic foxes from the Arctic Archipelago of Svalbard in Norway.
conclusionsRaccoon dogs (PP 2.2 %), golden jackals (PP 4.7 %) and wolves (PP 1.4 %) showed a higher E. multilocularis PP than dogs (PP 0.3 %) and cats (PP 0.5 %). High E. multilocularis PP in raccoon dogs and golden jackals correlated with high PP in foxes. For intermediate hosts (IHs), muskrats (PP 4.2 %) and arvicolids (PP 6.0 %) showed similar E. multilocularis PP as sylvatic definitive hosts (DHs), excluding foxes. Nutrias (PP 1.0 %) and murids (PP 1.1 %) could play a role in the life-cycle of E. multilocularis in areas with medium to high PP in red foxes. In areas with low PP in foxes, no other DH was found infected with E. multilocularis. When fox E. multilocularis PP was >3 %, raccoon dogs and golden jackals could play a similar role as foxes. In areas with high E. multilocularis fox PP, the wolf emerged as a potentially important DH. Dogs and cats could be irrelevant in the life-cycle of the parasite in Europe, although dogs could be important for parasite introduction into non-endemic areas. Muskrats and arvicolids are important IHs. Swine, insectivores, murids and nutrias seem to play a minor or no role in the life-cycle of the parasite within the EU and ACs.
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