ArticleWomen's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health
Access to Emergency Contraception in the Over-the-Counter Era.
Article in Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Over-the-counter emergency contraceptive sales before and afterHealth affairs scholar · 2026Article
- Bridging the Rural-Urban Divide: Independent Pharmacies and Women's Contraceptive Access.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Examining the association between prior medical mistreatment and interest in and support for over-the-counter medication abortion among people seeking in-person abortion in the United States.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Pharmacist Dispensing of Mifepristone: Evaluation of Knowledge and Support Before and After a Continuing Education Course.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Contraception and abortion information and care in community pharmacy for adolescents: a systematic review.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Review
- Willingness of Pharmacists to Prescribe Medication Abortion in California.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Trends in Encounters for Emergency Contraception in US Emergency Departments, 2006-2020.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Retail demand for emergency contraception in United States following New Year holiday: time series study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2023Article
- Rural Appalachian Women Will Suffer Disproportionately if Attempts to Further Restrict Emergency Contraception are Successful.Journal of Appalachian health · 2023Article
- Trends in Emergency Contraceptive Use Among Adolescents and Young Adults, 2006-2017.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2022Article
- Sexual and reproductive health services provided by community pharmacists: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Scoping Review of Access to Emergency Contraception for Sexual Assault Victims in Emergency Departments in the United States.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2021Article
- Changes in use of emergency contraceptive pills in the United States from 2008 to 2015.Contraception: X · 2021Article
- The Quality of Counselling for Oral Emergency Contraceptive Pills-A Simulated Patient Study in German Community Pharmacies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Over-The-Counter Availability of Levonorgestrel Emergency Contraception in Pharmacies on Oahu.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Sexual activity and weekly contraceptive use among young adult women in Michigan.Population studies · 2019Article
- The politics of place: Presidential voting patterns and providers' prescription of emergency contraception.Contraception · 2018Article
- State of emergency contraception in the U.S., 2018.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2018Review
- Access to Emergency Contraception After Removal of Age Restrictions.Pediatrics · 2017Article
- "I don't know what I would have done." Women's experiences acquiring ulipristal acetate emergency contraception online from 2011 to 2015.Contraception · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAfter years of complex regulatory changes, levonorgestrel (LNG) emergency contraception (EC) is now approved for unrestricted sale in the United States. Timely access to EC pills is critical because they are more likely to work the sooner they are taken. This study assesses whether LNG EC is sold in accordance with current Food and Drug Administration regulations.
methodsWe distributed an online questionnaire through an EC-focused listserv for reproductive health professionals, asking data collectors to visit local stores and document product names, price, over-the-counter shelf availability, and misinformation about age restrictions. We used χ
resultsWe collected information about 220 stores. The majority (65%) stocked EC on over-the-counter shelves, although only 22% of these displayed it without a locked security enclosure. Chain pharmacies were more likely to shelf-stock EC than independent pharmacies (77% vs. 5%; p = .000), but variation existed among stores within the same chain. Among stores that were asked, 40% incorrectly reported an age restriction for non-prescription purchase of LNG EC, whereas 95% correctly reported that men can buy LNG EC. The average price of branded and generic LNG EC was $49.64 and $40.05, respectively.
conclusionsChanges in the regulatory status of LNG EC have resulted in widespread confusion about how EC can be sold, and its high price contributes to access barriers. Retailers should ensure that consumers can access LNG EC quickly and easily by stocking the product on over-the-counter shelves and educating staff about current regulations.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.