ArticleJournal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia2016
Patient-derived Mammosphere and Xenograft Tumour Initiation Correlates with Progression to Metastasis.
Article in Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- Patient-derived organoids in functional precision oncology: from experimental models to clinical decision-making.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Optimizing Xenograft Models for Breast Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of Cell-Derived and Patient-Derived Implantation Techniques in Pre-Clinical Research.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2025Review
- Inhibition of miR-10b treats metastatic breast cancer by targeting stem cell-like properties.Oncotarget · 2024Article
- Mouse Models of Metastasis and Dormancy.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2024Review
- Anti-EGFR Antibody-Drug Conjugate Carrying an Inhibitor Targeting CDK Restricts Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Growth.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2024Article
- EMP2 Serves as a Functional Biomarker for Chemotherapy-Resistant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2024Article
- Patient-Derived Xenografts: A Valuable Preclinical Model for Drug Development and Biomarker Discovery.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Experimental and spontaneous metastasis assays can result in divergence in clonal architecture.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Dissecting metastasis using preclinical models and methods.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2023Review
- A human vascularized microtumor model of patient-derived colorectal cancer recapitulates clinical disease.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2023Article
- RANK is a poor prognosis marker and a therapeutic target in ER-negative postmenopausal breast cancer.EMBO molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Identification of Membrane-expressed CAPRIN-1 as a Novel and Universal Cancer Target, and Generation of a Therapeutic Anti-CAPRIN-1 Antibody TRK-950.Cancer research communications · 2023Article
- Activated Carbon nanoparticles Loaded with Metformin for Effective Against Hepatocellular Cancer Stem Cells.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Article
- Review
- Modeling metastasis in mice: a closer look.Trends in cancer · 2021Review
- Reciprocal priming between receptor tyrosine kinases at recycling endosomes orchestrates cellular signalling outputs.The EMBO journal · 2021Article
- The past, present, and future of breast cancer models for nanomedicine development.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2021Review
- The Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Model: A New In Vivo Tool to Evaluate Breast Cancer Stem Cell Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Preclinical Models to Study Obesity and Breast Cancer in Females: Considerations, Caveats, and Tools.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2020Review
- Alzheimer's Disease, and Breast and Prostate Cancer Research: Translational Failures and the Importance to Monitor Outputs and Impact of Funded Research.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Breast cancer specific mortality results from tumour cell dissemination and metastatic colonisation. Identification of the cells and processes responsible for metastasis will enable better prevention and control of metastatic disease, thus reducing relapse and mortality. To better understand these processes, we prospectively collected 307 patient-derived breast cancer samples (n = 195 early breast cancers (EBC) and n = 112 metastatic samples (MBC)). We assessed colony-forming activity in vitro by growing isolated cells in both primary (formation) and secondary (self-renewal) mammosphere culture, and tumour initiating activity in vivo through subcutaneous transplantation of fragments or cells into mice. Metastatic samples formed primary mammosphere colonies significantly more frequently than early breast cancers and had significantly higher primary mammosphere colony formation efficiency (0.9 % vs. 0.6 %; p < 0.0001). Tumour initiation in vivo was significantly higher in metastatic than early breast cancer samples (63 % vs. 38 %, p = 0.04). Of 144 breast cancer samples implanted in vivo, we established 20 stable patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models at passage 2 or greater. Lung metastases were detected in mice from 14 PDX models. Mammosphere colony formation in vitro significantly correlated with the ability of a tumour to metastasise to the lungs in vivo (p = 0.05), but not with subcutaneous tumour initiation. In summary, the breast cancer stem cell activities of colony formation and tumour initiation are increased in metastatic compared to early samples, and predict metastasis in vivo. These results suggest that breast stem cell activity will predict for poor outcome tumours, and therapy targeting this activity will improve outcomes for patients with metastatic disease.
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