ReviewBMC pharmacology & toxicology2016
The grass isn't always greener: The effects of cannabis on embryological development.
Review in BMC pharmacology & toxicology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Cannabis on Female Reproductive Health Across the Life Course.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2021Pooled it
- Perceptions about cannabis use during pregnancy: a rapid best-framework qualitative synthesis.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2021Pooled it
- Prenatal cannabis smoke exposure alters placental development in a murine model of pregnancy.PloS one · 2026Article
- Association Between Prenatal Cannabis Exposure and Child Health Care Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Ontario, Canada.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2025Article
- Estimating the effects of prenatal cannabis exposure on birth outcomes.The American journal on addictions · 2025Article
- Influence of prenatal cannabinoid exposure on early development and beyond.Advances in drug and alcohol research · 2023Review
- Effects of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannibinol (THC) on Obesity at Different Stages of Life: A Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Cannabidiol disrupts apoptosis, autophagy and invasion processes of placental trophoblasts.Archives of toxicology · 2021Article
- Medium-throughput zebrafish optogenetic platform identifies deficits in subsequent neural activity following brief early exposure to cannabidiol and ΔScientific reports · 2021Article
- Review
- Marijuana: the effects on pregnancy, the fetus, and the newborn.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2020Review
- The importance of generating more data on cannabis use in pregnancy.Nature medicine · 2020Article
- Considerations and Implications of Cannabidiol Use During Pregnancy.Current pain and headache reports · 2020Review
- Cannabis Use in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: Behavioral and Neurobiological Consequences.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Review
- Miscarriage among women in the United States Women's Interagency HIV Study, 1994-2017.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2019Article
- Cannabis effects on brain structure, function, and cognition: considerations for medical uses of cannabis and its derivatives.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2019Review
- New vistas on cannabis use disorder.Neuropharmacology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
With the increasing publicity of marijuana due to recent legislation, it is pertinent that the effects of fetal exposure to the drug are assessed. While in utero cannabis exposure has been associated with early pregnancy failure, birth defects and developmental delay, the mechanisms of such outcomes are largely unexplained. Furthermore, the use of cannabinoids in cancer treatment via growth inhibition and apoptosis may indicate how cannabis exposure likely harms a growing fetus. Cannabinoid signaling is required for proper pre-implantation development, embryo transport to the uterus, and uterine receptivity during implantation. In post-implantation development, cannabinoid signaling functions in a multitude of pathways, including, but not limited to, folic acid, VEGF, PCNA, MAPK/ERK, and BDNF. Disrupting the normal activity of these pathways can significantly alter many vital in utero processes, including angiogenesis, cellular replication, tissue differentiation, and neural cognitive development. This paper aims to demonstrate the effects of cannabis exposure on a developing embryo in order to provide a molecular explanation for the adverse outcomes associated with cannabis use during pregnancy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.