ArticleNutrition journal2016
Clinical evaluation of glutathione concentrations after consumption of milk containing different subtypes of β-casein: results from a randomized, cross-over clinical trial.
Article in Nutrition journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02406469 (Comparative Effects of Milk With A2 Type Beta Casein Versus Milk With A1 and A2 Beta Casein Proteins on Gastrointestinal Physiology, Symptoms and Cognitive Behavior for the Health People Who Are Intolerant to Traditional Cow Milk), which is not on this map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparative Effects of Milk With A2 Type Beta Casein Versus Milk With A1 and A2 Beta Casein Proteins on Gastrointestinal Physiology, Symptoms and Cognitive Behavior for the Health People Who Are Intolerant to Traditional Cow Milk
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Effect of A1 protein-free formula versus conventional formula on acute respiratory infections and diarrhea in toddlers: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Conventional Milk Versus Milk Containing Only A2 β-Casein on Digestion in Chinese Children: A Randomized Study.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2019Trial
- Effects of cow's milk beta-casein variants on symptoms of milk intolerance in Chinese adults: a multicentre, randomised controlled study.Nutrition journal · 2017Trial
- KetoFLEX 12/3 Diet and Cognitive Health: A Precision-Nutrition Perspective on Mechanisms, Emerging Evidence, and Future Directions.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Glutathione in Our Diet and Its Role in the Body: From Disease Prevention to Anti-Aging.Nutrients · 2026Review
- β-casomorphin-7: a review of occurrence, identification, techno-functionality, and effects on human health.NPJ science of food · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- β-Casomorphin-7 as a Potential Inflammatory Marker: How β-Casomorphin-7 Induces Endothelial Dysfunction in HUVEC/TERT2 Cell Lines.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Effect of Infant Formula Made With Milk Free of A1-Type β-Casein on Growth and Comfort: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Effects of Different Cow-Milk Beta-Caseins on the Gut-Brain Axis: A Narrative Review of Preclinical, Animal, and Human Studies.Nutrition reviews · 2025Review
- A1 protein free milk benefits mood and subjective cognition in free-living Australian adults: a pragmatic, exploratory, open label randomised controlled trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- A2 Milk: The Impact of Genetic Variation in Milk Protein on Human Health.Current protein & peptide science · 2025Review
- Effects of A1 Milk, A2 Milk and the Opioid-like Peptide β-Casomorphin-7 on the Proliferation of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- BCM-7: Opioid-like Peptide with Potential Role in Disease Mechanisms.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- A2 milk consumption and its health benefits: an update.Food science and biotechnology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study reports the plasma glutathione concentrations in a double-blind, randomized, controlled, 2 × 2 cross-over study in which healthy participants consumed conventional milk (2 × 250 mL per day) containing both A1 and A2 types of β-casein, or milk containing only A2 type β-casein. Beta-casomorphin-7 (BCM-7), a peptide uniquely derived from the A1 type of β-casein, was previously reported to downregulate glutathione expression in human gut epithelial and neuronal cell lines by limiting cysteine uptake. The current human study demonstrates that consumption of milk containing only A2 β-casein was associated with a greater increase in plasma glutathione concentrations compared with the consumption of milk containing both β-casein types, and did not increase plasma BCM-7 concentrations compared with the washout diet in the study participants. Thus, milk containing only A2 β-casein and not A1 β-casein has the potential to promote the production of the antioxidant glutathione in humans. CLINICAL
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov; identifier: NCT02406469.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.