ReviewFrontiers in pediatrics2016
"The NET Outcome": Are Neutrophil Extracellular Traps of Any Relevance to the Pathophysiology of Autoimmune Disorders in Childhood?
Review in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Immune-mediated mechanisms and maternal-fetal interface dysfunction in obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Sepsis and Sepsis-Related Organ Dysfunction.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Affect Human Inner Ear Vascular Permeability.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Local Drug Delivery Systems as Novel Approach for Controlling NETosis in Periodontitis.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Increased neutrophil extracellular trap formation in oligoarticular, polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis and enthesitis-related arthritis: biomarkers for diagnosis and disease activity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Mitochondrial DNA: a novel indicator of active inflammation in ANCA-associated vasculitides.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Neutrophils extracellular traps formation may serve as a biomarker for disease activity in oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a pilot study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2023Article
- Article
- An Update on the Pathogenic Role of Neutrophils in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Adult-Onset Still's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
- Inflammasomes and Childhood Autoimmune Diseases: A Review of Current Knowledge.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2021Review
- Circulating cell-free DNA, peripheral lymphocyte subsets alterations and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio in assessment of COVID-19 severity.Innate immunity · 2021Article
- NETosis in Wound Healing: When Enough Is Enough.Cells · 2021Review
- What Is the Evolutionary Fingerprint in Neutrophil Granulocytes?International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Bio-impedance measurement allows displaying the early stages of neutrophil extracellular traps.EXCLI journal · 2020Article
- Psychological Stress, Intestinal Barrier Dysfunctions, and Autoimmune Disorders: An Overview.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Article
- The Role of NETosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Journal of cellular immunology · 2019Article
- Glycans as Modulators for the Formation and Functional Properties of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: Used by the Forces of Good and Evil.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation represents a form of cell death distinct from apoptosis or necrosis, by which invading pathogens are simultaneously entangled and potentially eliminated. Increased NET formation is observed in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated small vessel vasculitis, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), and psoriasis. NETs contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmunity by exposing cryptic autoepitopes, which may facilitate the generation of autoantibodies, induce the production of interferons, and activate the complement cascade. In SLE, augmented disease activity and renal disease are associated with increased NET formation, so that NETs could serve as a marker for the monitoring of disease activity. NETs can additionally cause endothelial cell damage and death and stimulate inflammation in atheromatous plaques, adding to the accelerated atherosclerosis witnessed in autoimmune disease. Since NETs induce production of interferons, assessing the extent of NET formation might facilitate the prediction of IFN-alpha levels and identification of SLE patients with presumably better responses to anti-IFN-alpha therapies or other novel therapeutic concepts, such as N-acetyl-cysteine and inhibitors of DNase 1 and peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), which also target NETs. In summary, the study of NETs provides a novel approach to the understanding of autoimmune disease pathogenesis in childhood and opens new vistas in the development of sensitive disease markers and targeted therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.