Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27679422›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2017

The variability in beta-cell function in placebo-treated subjects with type 2 diabetes: application of the weight-HbA1c-insulin-glucose (WHIG) model.

Janna K Duong, Willem de Winter, Steve Choy, Nele Plock, Himanshu Naik, Walter Krauwinkel, Sandra A G Visser, Katia M Verhamme, Miriam C Sturkenboom, B H Stricker and 1 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. TheInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.

Janna K DuongDepartment of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Willem de WinterJanssen Prevention Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Steve ChoyDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Pharmacometrics Research Group, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Nele PlockGlobal Pharmacometrics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Zurich and Deerfield, Switzerland and USA.
Himanshu NaikGlobal Pharmacometrics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Zurich and Deerfield, Switzerland and USA.
Walter KrauwinkelGlobal Clinical Pharmacology and Exploratory Development, Astellas Pharma Europe BV, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Sandra A G VisserEarly Stage Quantitative Pharmacology & Pharmacometrics, Merck, Upper Gwynedd, PA, USA.
Katia M VerhammeDepartment of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Miriam C SturkenboomDepartment of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
B H StrickerDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Meindert DanhofLeiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Division of Pharmacology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Erasmus University Rotterdam · NLTakeda (Switzerland) · CHAstellas Pharma (Netherlands) · NLCentre for Human Drug Research · NLGwynedd Mercy University · USJanssen (Netherlands) · NLUppsala University · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimThe weight-glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C)-insulin-glucose (WHIG) model describes the effects of changes in weight on insulin sensitivity (IS) in newly diagnosed, obese subjects receiving placebo treatment. This model was applied to a wider population of placebo-treated subjects, to investigate factors influencing the variability in IS and β-cell function.

methodsThe WHIG model was applied to the WHIG dataset (Study 1) and two other placebo datasets (Studies 2 and 3). Studies 2 and 3 consisted of nonobese subjects and subjects with advanced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Body weight, fasting serum insulin (FSI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c were used for nonlinear mixed-effects modelling (using NONMEM v7.2 software). Sources of interstudy variability (ISV) and potential covariates (age, gender, diabetes duration, ethnicity, compliance) were investigated.

resultsAn ISV for baseline parameters (body weight and β-cell function) was required. The baseline β-cell function was significantly lower in subjects with advanced T2DM (median difference: Study 2: 15.6%, P < 0.001; Study 3: 22.7%, P < 0.001) than in subjects with newly diagnosed T2DM (Study 1). A reduction in the estimated insulin secretory response in subjects with advanced T2DM was observed but diabetes duration was not a significant covariate.

conclusionThe WHIG model can be used to describe the changes in weight, IS and β-cell function in the diabetic population. IS remained relatively stable between subjects but a large ISV in β-cell function was observed. There was a trend towards decreasing β-cell responsiveness with diabetes duration, and further studies, incorporating subjects with a longer history of diabetes, are required.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinBody WeightDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Disease ProgressionFastingFemaleHumansInsulinInsulin ResistanceInsulin-Secreting CellsMaleMiddle AgedModels, BiologicalObesityRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinInsulinbeta-cell functiondisease progressionplacebo treatmentsemi-mechanistic modellingtype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID27679422
PMCPMC5306484
OpenAlexW2525638928

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.