ReviewSeminars in thrombosis and hemostasis2017
tPA Modulation of the Blood-Brain Barrier: A Unifying Explanation for the Pleiotropic Effects of tPA in the CNS.
Review in Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of Hemorrhagic Transformation after Mechanical Thrombectomy without versus with IV Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2024Pooled it
- From Cerebrovascular Injury to Brain Cancer: The Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- The Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Epilepsy: Mechanisms and Consequences.Neurology international · 2025Review
- Thrombolytic therapy efficacy in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Investigating the effect of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- The Plasminogen Activation System in the Central Nervous System: Implications for Epilepsy and Neuropsychiatric Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- PA System in the Pathogenesis of Ischemic Stroke.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Review
- The interaction of tPA with NMDAR1 drives neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in α-synuclein-mediated neurotoxicity.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Insights into Iron Metabolism Parameters in Ischemic Stroke: A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Improving stroke outcomes in hyperglycemic mice by modulating tPA/NMDAR signaling to reduce inflammation and hemorrhages.Blood advances · 2024Article
- In vitro assessment of protamine toxicity with neural cells, its therapeutic potential to counter chondroitin sulfate mediated neuron inhibition, and its effects on reactive astrocytes.Advanced therapeutics · 2024Article
- Serum Reactive Antibodies against the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor NR2 Subunit-Could They Act as Potential Biomarkers?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- L-Arginine-eNOS-NO Functional System in Brain Damage and Cognitive Impairments in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Insights Into The Effects of Amino Acid Substitutions on The Stability of Reteplase Structure: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study.Iranian journal of biotechnology · 2023Article
- Diabetes and the treatment of ischemic stroke.Journal of diabetes and its complications · 2022Review
- Compartmentalized Actions of the Plasminogen Activator Inhibitors, PAI-1 and Nsp, in Ischemic Stroke.Translational stroke research · 2022Article
- Article
- The Role of Fibrinolytic System in Health and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Drug Delivery Challenges in Brain Disorders across the Blood-Brain Barrier: Novel Methods and Future Considerations for Improved Therapy.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Cytokines in Demyelinating Lesions After Stroke.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2021Review
- Fibrinolysis: A Primordial System Linked to the Immune Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The plasminogen activation (PA) system is best known for its role in fibrinolysis. However, it has also been shown to regulate many nonfibrinolytic functions in the central nervous system (CNS). In particular, tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is reported to have pleiotropic activities in the CNS, regulating events such as neuronal plasticity, excitotoxicity, and cerebrovascular barrier integrity, whereas urokinase-type plasminogen activator is mainly associated with tissue remodeling and cell migration. It has been suggested that the role tPA plays in controlling barrier integrity may provide a unifying mechanism for the reported diverse, and often opposing, functions ascribed to tPA in the CNS. Here we will review the possibility that the pleiotropic effects reported for tPA in physiologic and pathologic processes in the CNS may be a consequence of its role in the neurovascular unit in regulation of cerebrovascular responses and subsequently parenchymal homeostasis. We propose that this might offer an explanation for the ongoing debate regarding the neurotoxic versus neuroprotective roles of tPA.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.