Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27671629›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016

Grad-seq guides the discovery of ProQ as a major small RNA-binding protein.

Alexandre Smirnov, Konrad U Förstner, Erik Holmqvist, Andreas Otto, Regina Günster, Dörte Becher, Richard Reinhardt, Jörg Vogel

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 178 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
178citing papers in PubMed
20.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

178 citing papers in PubMed, 306 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Bacterial small regulatory RNAs.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. The Biology of Nucleus-Forming Jumbo Phages.Annual review of genetics · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. What makes a small RNA work?Nucleic acids research · 2025
    Review
  15. Article
  16. RNA recognition by minimal ProQ fromRNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

118 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Alexandre SmirnovRNA Biology Group, Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Wurzburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9142-7979
Konrad U FörstnerRNA Biology Group, Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Wurzburg, Germany; Core Unit Systems Medicine, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Wurzburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1481-2996
Erik HolmqvistRNA Biology Group, Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Wurzburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7834-1487
Andreas OttoInstitute for Microbiology, University of Greifswald, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany.
Regina GünsterRNA Biology Group, Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Wurzburg, Germany.
Dörte BecherInstitute for Microbiology, University of Greifswald, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany.
Richard ReinhardtMax Planck Genome Centre Cologne, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, D-50829 Cologne, Germany.
Jörg VogelRNA Biology Group, Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Wurzburg, Germany; Research Centre for Infectious Diseases (ZINF), University of Würzburg, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany joerg.vogel@uni-wuerzburg.de.ORCID 0000-0003-2220-1404
University of Würzburg · DEUniversität Greifswald · DEMax Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The functional annotation of transcriptomes and identification of noncoding RNA (ncRNA) classes has been greatly facilitated by the advent of next-generation RNA sequencing which, by reading the nucleotide order of transcripts, theoretically allows the rapid profiling of all transcripts in a cell. However, primary sequence per se is a poor predictor of function, as ncRNAs dramatically vary in length and structure and often lack identifiable motifs. Therefore, to visualize an informative RNA landscape of organisms with potentially new RNA biology that are emerging from microbiome and environmental studies requires the use of more functionally relevant criteria. One such criterion is the association of RNAs with functionally important cognate RNA-binding proteins. Here we analyze the full ensemble of cellular RNAs using gradient profiling by sequencing (Grad-seq) in the bacterial pathogen Salmonella enterica, partitioning its coding and noncoding transcripts based on their network of RNA-protein interactions. In addition to capturing established RNA classes based on their biochemical profiles, the Grad-seq approach enabled the discovery of an overlooked large collective of structured small RNAs that form stable complexes with the conserved protein ProQ. We show that ProQ is an abundant RNA-binding protein with a wide range of ligands and a global influence on Salmonella gene expression. Given its generic ability to chart a functional RNA landscape irrespective of transcript length and sequence diversity, Grad-seq promises to define functional RNA classes and major RNA-binding proteins in both model species and genetically intractable organisms.

Indexed as

Bacterial ProteinsConserved SequenceHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingLigandsPrincipal Component AnalysisRNA, BacterialRNA-Binding ProteinsRNA, UntranslatedSalmonella entericaBacterial ProteinsLigandsRNA, BacterialRNA-Binding ProteinsRNA, UntranslatedHfqnoncoding RNAProQRNA–protein interactionsmall RNA

Identifiers

PMID27671629
PMCPMC5068311
OpenAlexW2524503478

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.