ReviewSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2017
Cooling During Exercise: An Overlooked Strategy for Enhancing Endurance Performance in the Heat.
Review in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Performance effects of internal pre- and per-cooling across different exercise and environmental conditions: A systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- The Thermoregulatory and Thermal Responses of Individuals With a Spinal Cord Injury During Exercise, Acclimation and by Using Cooling Strategies-A Systematic Review.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Pooled it
- Cooling intervention studies among outdoor occupational groups: A review of the literature.American journal of industrial medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Sub-maximal endurance exercise does not mediate alterations of somatosensory thresholds.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- L-Menthol mouth rinse or ice slurry ingestion during the latter stages of exercise in the heat provide a novel stimulus to enhance performance despite elevation in mean body temperature.European journal of applied physiology · 2018Trial
- Impact of cooling garments on performance during and after vigorous, heart-rate-clamped exercise in young males under hot and humid conditions.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Mental fatigue accompanied by whole-body surface cooling is associated with the impairment of subsequent endurance exercise performance.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- The Short-Term Effects of an Exercise Protocol Incorporating Blood Flow Restriction and Body Cooling in Healthy Young Adults.Methods and protocols · 2025Article
- Scrotal temperature change during running in naked humans.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cold water ingestion ameliorates increase in core temperature and discomfort during simulated motor racing in a hot environment: a randomized trial.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
- Health Claims for Sports Drinks-Analytical Assessmentaccording to European Food Safety Authority's Scientific Opinion.Nutrients · 2024Observational
- Thermoregulatory responses during road races in hot-humid conditions at the 2019 Athletics World Championships.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Is the Cooling Vest an Ergogenic Tool for Physically Active Individuals? Assessment of Perceptual Response, Thermo-Physiological Behavior, and Sports Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Are the Consumption Patterns of Sports Supplements Similar among Spanish Mountain Runners?Nutrients · 2023Article
- Effects of a Head-Cooling Cap on 5-Km Running Performance in the Heat.International journal of exercise science · 2023Article
- The effect of heat mitigation strategies on thermoregulation and productivity during simulated occupational work in the heat in physically active young men.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023Article
- Effects of hot and humid environments on thermoregulation and aerobic endurance capacity of Laser sailors.Journal of exercise science and fitness · 2022Article
- Exertional heat stroke in sport and the military: epidemiology and mitigation.Experimental physiology · 2022Review
- Head, Face and Neck Cooling as Per-cooling (Cooling During Exercise) Modalities to Improve Exercise Performance in the Heat: A Narrative Review and Practical Applications.Sports medicine - open · 2022Review
- Recommendations on Youth Participation in Ultra-Endurance Running Events: A Consensus Statement.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is well established that endurance performance is negatively affected by environmental heat stress due to a complex interaction of physical, physiological and psychological alterations. Numerous scientific investigations have attempted to improve performance in the heat with pre-cooling (cooling prior to an exercise test), and as such this has become a well-established ergogenic practice for endurance athletes. However, the use of mid-cooling (cooling during an exercise test) has received considerably less research attention in comparison, despite recent evidence to suggest that the advantage gained from mid-cooling may outweigh that of pre-cooling. A range of mid-cooling strategies are beneficial for endurance performance in the heat, including the ingestion of cold fluids and ice slurry, both with and without menthol, as well as cooling of the neck and face region via a cooling collar or water poured on the head and face. The combination of pre-cooling and mid-cooling has also been effective, but few comparisons exist between the timing and type of such interventions. Therefore, athletes should experiment with a range of suitable mid-cooling strategies for their event during mock competition scenarios, with the aim to determine their individual tolerable limits and performance benefits. Based on current evidence, the effect of mid-cooling on core temperature appears largely irrelevant to any subsequent performance improvements, while cardiovascular, skin temperature, central nervous system function and psychophysiological factors are likely involved. Research is lacking on elite athletes, and as such it is currently unclear how this population may benefit from mid-cooling.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.