ArticleNature medicine2016
Efficient derivation of microglia-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells.
Article in Nature medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 425 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
425 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 649 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- A Standardized Protocol for Generating iPSC-Derived Human Microglia for Functional Genomic Assays.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027Article
- Modeling human neurodegeneration with iPSCs: opportunities, limitations, and the challenge of aging.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Translational modelling of human microglia from cultures to chimeras.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- P2X7 receptor-mediated IL-1β release by human brain tissue: the impact of CNS-penetrant potential therapeutics.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Metabolic reprogramming of microglia: Effects on development, disease, and therapeutic potential.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- C9orf72-associated and sporadic FTD patient iPSC-microglia show differences in phagocytosis and gene expression.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- Human Stem Cell-Derived Models of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimmune System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Modeling stimulus-induced stress responses in microglia-like cells using a commercial iPSC-dCas9-KRAB line.Stem cell research · 2026Article
- Functional genomic profiling of schizophrenia-associated genes reveals key microglial regulators.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- iPSC-Derived Microglia-like Cells Exhibit Protocol-Dependent Transcriptomic Features and Robust Phagocytosis of Glioma Cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- KOLF2.1J iTF-Microglia: A standardized platform to study microglial transcriptional regulatory networks in CNS disease.iScience · 2026Article
- The Kynurenine Pathway: Unraveling Its Role in Neurological Disorders via Mammalian Cellular Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia with 1q21.1 deletion and duplication exhibit aberrant inflammatory response.Genes & diseases · 2026Article
- Review
- Engineering brain organoids: from neurodevelopmental modeling to translational barriers.Journal of artificial organs : the official journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs · 2026Review
- Microglia in systemic neuroimmune communication: functions beyond phagocytosis.Trends in immunology · 2026Review
- Dissecting microglial contributions to neurodegenerative disease pathophysiology using human pluripotent stem cells.Stem cell reports · 2026Review
- EBV Triggers a Distinct Antiviral Response in HMC3 Cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Alzheimer's disease risk protein SorLA regulates ER homeostasis and lipid metabolism in human microglia, with conserved effects in neurons.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Article
365 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Microglia, the only lifelong resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are highly specialized macrophages that have been recognized to have a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD). However, in contrast to other cell types of the human CNS, bona fide microglia have not yet been derived from cultured human pluripotent stem cells. Here we establish a robust and efficient protocol for the rapid production of microglia-like cells from human (h) embryonic stem (ES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells that uses defined serum-free culture conditions. These in vitro pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia-like cells (termed pMGLs) faithfully recapitulate the expected ontogeny and characteristics of their in vivo counterparts, and they resemble primary fetal human and mouse microglia. We generated these cells from multiple disease-specific cell lines and find that pMGLs derived from an hES model of Rett syndrome are smaller than their isogenic controls. We further describe a platform to study the integration and live behavior of pMGLs in organotypic 3D cultures. This modular differentiation system allows for the study of microglia in highly defined conditions as they mature in response to developmentally relevant cues, and it provides a framework in which to study the long-term interactions of microglia residing in a tissue-like environment.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.