ArticlePathogens & immunity2016
INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED CD4
Article in Pathogens & immunity, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longitudinal assessment of changes in hair cortisol levels and associations with violence, poor mental health and harmful substance use among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Sexual Violence, Genital Cytokines, and Colposcopy Findings: A Cross-Sectional Study of Women Engaged in Sex Work in Mombasa, Kenya.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2025Article
- Associations of hair cortisol levels with violence, poor mental health, and harmful alcohol and other substance use among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya.Discover mental health · 2024Article
- Intimate partner violence, depression, and chronic low-grade inflammation among middle-aged women in Cebu, Philippines.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2024Article
- The Effect of Adverse Mental Health and Resilience on Perceived Stress by Sexual Violence History.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Correlates of psychological intimate partner violence with HIV care outcomes on patients in HIV care.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Physiological Changes from Violence-Induced Stress and Trauma Enhance HIV Susceptibility Among Women.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2019Review
- Gender-Based Violence, Physiological Stress, and Inflammation: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2018Article
- Sex differences in stroke across the lifespan: The role of T lymphocytes.Neurochemistry international · 2017Review
- Intersecting motivations for leaving abusive relationships, substance abuse, and transactional sex among HIV high-risk women.Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association · 2016Article
- The biobehavioral impacts of sexual violence: Findings from an acute repeat survivor of vaginal rape.Women's health (London, England)Article
- Lifetime sexual violence exposure in women compromises systemic innate immune mediators associated with HIV pathogenesis: A cross-sectional analysis.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBiological pathways mediating the link between intimate partner violence (IPV) and increased HIV risk remain unexplored. We hypothesized that IPV-induced stress negatively affects HIV systemic immune defenses and aimed to evaluate whether IPV was associated with immune profiles linked to HIV susceptibility: CD4 activation and diminished regulatory T-cell (Treg) frequency.
methodsSeventy-five HIV-negative high-risk women were surveyed regarding their IPV experience. They provided blood, urine, and (if present) genital ulcer samples for cortisol, immune assays, and STI testing. Using flow cytometry, we assessed activated CD4
resultsLifetime IPV was associated with increased CD4
conclusionOur data is the first to suggest an immune link between IPV and HIV, and may help explain differences at the individual level in HIV susceptibility and response to biological HIV prevention strategies. The association of psychological and physical abuse with CD4 activation independent of sexual abuse further supports the existence of a stress-induced immune pathway.
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Registered trials
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