ReviewPathogens and global health2016
Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cutaneous leishmaniasis: a review.
Review in Pathogens and global health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 110 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 216 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum Levels of Vitamins and Trace Elements in Patients with Visceral Leishmaniasis: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Biological trace element research · 2024Pooled it
- Using meta-analysis and machine learning to investigate the transcriptional response of immune cells to Leishmania infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Leishmaniasis and Trace Element Alterations: a Systematic Review.Biological trace element research · 2021Pooled it
- An Insight Into Systemic Immune Response inFrontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- From Forest Floor to Therapeutic Candidate: Amanita princeps Corner & Bas, 1962 Counters Visceral Leishmaniasis via the NO-Arginase Axis and Mitochondrial Pathway.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- Chemical Annotation and Biological Evaluation of Prenylated Benzophenone-Rich Fractions fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Parasites as Modulators of Angiogenesis: Implications for Vascular Biology and Pathogenesis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Patients under Biologic Therapies: A Spanish CLINI-AEDV Multicentre Study.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Article
- PluronicInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Enhanced Topical Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Using Niosomal Gel of Tioxolone-Benzoxonium Chloride: In silico, in vitro, and in vivo Evaluation.Research and reports in tropical medicine · 2026Article
- Immunotherapeutic potential of PD-1 blockade in chronic Leishmania mexicana infection through the enhancement of progenitor-like CXCR5Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Comparative histopathological and immunological analysis of LRV2-positive and LRV2-negative Leishmania tropica in a BALB/c mouse cutaneous leishmaniasis model.Parasitology research · 2025Article
- Molecular Investigation of Pro-inflammatory and Anti- Inflammatory Cytokines Gene Expression in Macrophages Exposed toArchives of Razi Institute · 2025Article
- Long-Circulating Liposomes Codelivering Amphotericin B and Retinoic Acid for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Treatment.ACS omega · 2025Article
- The Capsular Polysaccharides GXM and GXMGal fromMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Effect of Barberry (Berberis vulgaris) Root Extract on Experimental Cutaneous Leishmaniosis in a BALB/c Mouse Model.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Establishment of THTT derivatives as potential antileishmanial and anti-inflammatory agents through in vitro and in silico investigations.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association Between HLA Class II Gene Polymorphisms and Cytokine Levels in PLWH with HIV-Related Dermatoses in Latvia.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, Molecular Dynamics, and QM-MM Calculation of Spiro-Acridine Derivatives Against Leishmaniasis.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Trypanosomatids: The Key to Decoding Host-Parasite Communication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is caused by different species of the genus Leishmania. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines play different roles in resistance/susceptibility and the immunopathogenesis of Leishmania infection. The balance and dynamic changes in cytokines may control or predict clinical outcome. T helper 1 (Th1) inflammatory cytokines (especially interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-12) are the crucial factors in the initiation of protective immunity against L. major infection, whereas T helper 2 cytokines including IL-5, IL-4, and IL-13 facilitate the persistence of parasites by downregulating the Th1 immune response. On the other hand, aggravation of inflammatory reactions leads to collateral tissue damage and formation of ulcer. For this reason, immunity system such as T regulatory cells produce regulatory cytokines such as transforming growth factor-β and IL-10 to inhibit possible injures caused by increased inflammatory responses in infection site. In this article, we review the role of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the immunoprotection and immunopathology of CL.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.