Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27660111›Full record

ArticleTobacco control2016

Vaping on Instagram: cloud chasing, hand checks and product placement.

Kar-Hai Chu, Jon-Patrick Allem, Tess Boley Cruz, Jennifer B Unger

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco control, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Examining Tobacco-Related Social Media Research in Government Policy Documents: Systematic Review.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Instagram Memes of Oral Nicotine Pouches: Content Analysis Study.Online journal of public health informatics · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Associations of Close Social Connections With Smoking and Vaping: A Population Study in England.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Young Adults' Exposure to and Engagement With Tobacco-Related Social Media Content and Subsequent Tobacco Use.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. A Comparative Analysis of E-Cigarette and Cigarette Posts on Instagram.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  13. E-Cigarette Retailers' Use of Instagram in New Zealand: A Content Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  14. Article
  15. #NicotineAddictionCheck: Puff Bar Culture, Addiction Apathy, and Promotion of E-Cigarettes on TikTok.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Observational
  20. Article

16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Kar-Hai ChuDepartment of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Jon-Patrick AllemDepartment of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Tess Boley CruzDepartment of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Jennifer B UngerDepartment of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Funding

USC Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science (TCORS) for Vulnerable PopulationsP50CA180905 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI PENTZ, MARY ANN, SAMET, JONATHAN M · 2013 to 2017
$20.1M
FDA HHSNCI NIH HHS P50 CA180905
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis study documented images posted on Instagram of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarette) and vaping (activity associated with e-cigarette use). Although e-cigarettes have been studied on Twitter, few studies have focused on Instagram, despite having 500 million users. Instagram's emphasis on images warranted investigation of e-cigarettes, as past tobacco industry strategies demonstrated that images could be used to mislead in advertisements, or normalise tobacco-related behaviours. Findings should prove informative to tobacco control policies in the future.

methods3 months of publicly available data were collected from Instagram, including images and associated metadata (n=2208). Themes of images were classified as (1)

resultsAnalyses found that

conclusionsInstagram affords its users the ability to post images of e-cigarette-related behaviours and gives advertisers the opportunity to display their product. Future research should incorporate novel data streams to improve public health surveillance, survey development and educational campaigns.

Indexed as

AdvertisingElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsSocial MediaVapingHumansSmokingTobacco ProductsAdvertising and PromotionElectronic nicotine delivery devicesMediaSocial marketingSurveillance and monitoring

Identifiers

PMID27660111
PMCPMC5362347

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.