ReviewThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2017
Role of cephalosporins in the era of Clostridium difficile infection.
Review in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04577846 (Surgical Site Infection), which is not on this map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Rates in Patients Undergoing Mastectomy Without Reconstruction, a Comparison Among Those Receiving Preoperative Prophylactic Antibiotics Alone Versus Continued Prophylactic Antibiotics Postoperatively-A Multicenter, Double-blinded Randomized Control Trial.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mortality among patients due to adverse drug reactions that occur following hospitalisation: a meta-analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Risk factors forJournal of global health · 2017Pooled it
- Uncovering an alternate pathway of antibiotic resistance in spore-forming bacteria.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Mortality After Piperacillin-Tazobactam-Resistant vs -Susceptible Bloodstream Infection.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Analysis of ESAC-Net/EARS-Net Data from 29 EEA Countries for Spatiotemporal Associations Between Antimicrobial Use and Resistance-Implications for Antimicrobial Stewardship?Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Structural Equation Modelling as a Proof-of-Concept Tool for Mediation Mechanisms Between Topical Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Six Types of Blood Stream Infection Among ICU Patients.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Current and Ongoing Developments in TargetingMicroorganisms · 2024Review
- Probiotics in Orthopedics: From Preclinical Studies to Current Applications and Future Perspective.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- #AMRrounds: a systematic educational approach for navigating bench to bedside antimicrobial resistance.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2023Review
- Penicillin-Binding Proteins and Alternative Dual-Beta-Lactam Combinations for Serious Enterococcus faecalis Infections with Elevated Penicillin MICs.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Appropriateness of Empirical Prescriptions of Ceftriaxone and Identification of Opportunities for Stewardship Interventions: A Single-Centre Cross-Sectional Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Extent of Antibiotic Dispensing in Self-Medication Encounters in Sudan: A Simulated Patient Study Focusing on Cefixime Sale.Integrated pharmacy research & practice · 2023Article
- Association between Antibiotic Use and Hospital-OnsetAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Decalogue for the selection of oral antibiotics for lower respiratory tract infections.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2022Review
- The use of first-generation cephalosporin antibiotics, cefalexin and cefradine, is not associated with induction of simulated Clostridioides difficile infection.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2021Article
- [Safety in the selection of oral antibiotic treatment in community infections, beyond COVID-19].Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2021Review
- Article
- Article
- [Current microbiological aspects of community respiratory infection beyond COVID-19].Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in Europe has increased markedly since 2000. Previous meta-analyses have suggested a strong association between cephalosporin use and CDI, and many national programmes on CDI control have focused on reducing cephalosporin usage. Despite reductions in cephalosporin use, however, rates of CDI have continued to rise. This review examines the potential association of CDI with cephalosporins, and considers other factors that influence CDI risk. EUCLID (the EUropean, multicentre, prospective biannual point prevalence study of CLostridium difficile Infection in hospitalized patients with Diarrhoea) reported an increase in the annual incidence of CDI from 6.6 to 7.3 cases per 10 000 patient bed-days from 2011-12 to 2012-13, respectively. While CDI incidence and cephalosporin usage varied widely across countries studied, there was no clear association between overall cephalosporin prescribing (or the use of any particular cephalosporin) and CDI incidence. Moreover, variations in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of cephalosporins of the same generation make categorization by generation insufficient for predicting impact on gut microbiota. A multitude of additional factors can affect the risk of CDI. Antibiotic choice is an important consideration; however, CDI risk is associated with a range of antibiotic classes. Prescription of multiple antibiotics and a long duration of treatment are key risk factors for CDI, and risk also differs across patient populations. We propose that all of these are factors that should be taken into account when selecting an antibiotic, rather than focusing on the exclusion of individual drug classes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.