ArticleBMC health services research2016
Short time effect of a self-referral to inpatient treatment for patients with severe mental disorders: a randomized controlled trial.
Article in BMC health services research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01133587 (Patient Guided Psychiatric Admissions), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Patient Guided Psychiatric Admissions (Self-referral to Inpatient Beds)
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Patient Experiences of Patient-Initiated Brief Admission in Psychiatric Care: A Systematic Review.International journal of mental health nursing · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Feasibility, acceptability and preliminary evaluation of a user co-facilitated psychoeducational programme: a feasibility proof-of-concept randomised control trial.BMC psychiatry · 2024Trial
- Self-referral to inpatient treatment program in a community mental health Centre in Central Norway: investigating the implementation, professionals' experiences and costs.BMC health services research · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Patient-initiated brief admission: a single site eight-year retrospective cohort study.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2025Article
- The mental-health patient-activation measure: assessing validity, reliability, and responsiveness in outpatient settings.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- Patient-controlled admissions to inpatient care: A twelve-month naturalistic study of patients with schizophrenia spectrum diagnoses and the effects on admissions to and days in inpatient care.BMC health services research · 2021Article
- Self-admission to inpatient treatment in psychiatry: lessons on implementation.BMC psychiatry · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundService user participation is a central principle in mental healthcare, and the opportunity to self-refer to inpatient treatment is used to increase service user involvement and activation. The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term effect of a self-referral system in an inpatient rehabilitation unit at a community mental health center on patient activation and recovery in individuals with severe mental disorders.
methodsA randomized controlled study including 53 patients (41 % females, mean age 40 years). Twenty-six patients in the intervention group were given a contract for self-referral to inpatient treatment, limited to maximum 5 days and a quarantine time of 14 days between each stay. The control group (27 participants) received treatment as usual, and was offered the intervention after 1 year. The Patient Activation Measure was the primary outcome and secondary outcome was the Recovery Assessment Scale. Mixed models were used to assess group differences.
resultsDuring the 4 months period, 15 (58 %) of 26 participants in the intervention group used the contract of self-referral to inpatient treatment. The intervention group had more admissions than the control group but both groups had a similar total use of inpatient days and out-patient consultations. The self-referral to inpatient treatment counted for 11 % of all inpatient days for the intervention group. There were no significant differences in the outcome between the groups on patient activation (estimated mean difference 2.7, 95 % confidence interval = -5.5 to 10.8, p = 0.52) or recovery (estimated mean difference 0.01, 95 % confidence interval = -0.3 to 0.3, p = 0.92).
conclusionsGiving persons with severe mental disorders the possibility to self-refer to inpatient treatment did not change their level of patient activation and recovery after 4 months and did not lead to increased use of health services. The cost-effectiveness and long-term effect of self-referral to inpatient treatment should be investigated further.
trial registrationNCT01133587 , clinicaltrials.gov.
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