ArticleJournal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS2016
Intraperitoneal Continuous-Rate Infusion for the Maintenance of Anesthesia in Laboratory Mice (Mus musculus).
Article in Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Revisiting MAC as a static measure of anaesthesia: evidence for dynamic responses under isoflurane in male mice.British journal of anaesthesia · 2026Article
- Effect of Mouse (Mus musculus) Sex and C57BL/6 Substrain on Sensitivity to Isoflurane and Ketamine-Xylazine-Acepromazine Anesthesia.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025Article
- The Parasite Load ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Article
- Mouse Anesthesia: The Art and Science.ILAR journal · 2021Review
- Effects of Oxygen Supplementation on Injectable and Inhalant Anesthesia in C57BL/6 Mice.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2021Article
- Acacetin ameliorates insulin resistance in obesity mice through regulating Treg/Th17 balance via MiR-23b-3p/NEU1 Axis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2021Article
- Development of an improved anesthesia protocol to increase CF1 mice survival in a portal vein infection withHeliyon · 2021Article
- Effects of Standard and Sustained-release Buprenorphine on the Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Isoflurane in C57BL/6 Mice.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2020Article
- Alfaxalone-Xylazine Anesthesia in Laboratory Mice (Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2019Article
- Aged mice show an increased mortality after anesthesia with a standard dose of ketamine/xylazine.Laboratory animal research · 2019Article
- Comparison of Aqueous and Alcohol-based Agents for Presurgical Skin Preparation Methods in Mice.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2018Article
- The Role of Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 in the Effects of Experimental Diabetes on B Cell Functions in the Heart.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2018Article
- Impact of repeated anesthesia with ketamine and xylazine on the well-being of C57BL/6JRj mice.PloS one · 2018Article
- Anesthetic effects and body weight changes associated with ketamine-xylazine-lidocaine administered to CD-1 mice.PloS one · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Intraperitoneal injectable anesthetics are often used to achieve surgical anesthesia in laboratory mice. Because bolus redosing of injectable anesthetics can cause unacceptably high mortality, we evaluated intraperitoneal continuous-rate infusion (CRI) of ketamine with or without xylazine for maintaining surgical anesthesia for an extended period of time. Anesthesia was induced in male C57BL/6J mice by using ketamine (80 mg/kg) and xylazine (8 mg/kg) without or with acepromazine at 0.1 mg/kg or 0.5 mg/kg. At 10 min after induction, CRI for 90 min was initiated and comprised 25%, 50%, or 100% of the initial ketamine dose per hour or 50% of the initial doses of both ketamine and xylazine. Anesthetic regimens were compared on the basis of animal immobility, continuous surgical depth of anesthesia as determined by the absence of a pedal withdrawal reflex, and mortality. Consistent with previous studies, the response to anesthetics was highly variable. Regimens that provided the longest continuous surgical plane of anesthesia with minimal mortality were ketamine-xylazine-acepromazine (0.1 mg/kg) with CRI of 100% of the initial ketamine dose and ketamine-xylazine-acepromazine (0.5 mg/kg) with CRI of 50% of the initial ketamine and xylazine doses. In addition, heart rate and respiratory rate did not increase consistently in response to a noxious stimulus during CRI anesthesia, even when mice exhibited a positive pedal withdrawal reflex, suggesting that these parameters are unreliable indicators of anesthetic depth during ketamine-xylazine anesthesia in mice. We conclude that intraperitoneal CRI anesthesia in mice prolongs injectable anesthesia more consistently and with lower mortality than does bolus redosing.
Indexed as
Identifiers
27657709PMC5029825W2530317499What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.