ReviewMolecular metabolism2016
Insulin in the nervous system and the mind: Functions in metabolism, memory, and mood.
Review in Molecular metabolism, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide association study of more than 40,000 bipolar disorder cases provides new insights into the underlying biology.Nature genetics · 2021Pooled it
- Genome-wide association study identifies 30 loci associated with bipolar disorder.Nature genetics · 2019Pooled it
- MemAID: Memory advancement with intranasal insulin vs. placebo in type 2 diabetes and control participants: a randomized clinical trial.Journal of neurology · 2022 · on this mapTrial
- Trial
- Targeting diabetes-induced brain damage by photobiomodulation: evidence of multiorgan protection.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2026Article
- Time- and Region-Specific Effects of Intranasal Insulin on Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Rat Brain.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insights into cannabidiol-mediated TrkB activation via FRS2 interaction in attenuating Alzheimer's disease pathology and cognitive impairment.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Sex-dependent neurobiological and metabolic dysfunction in an aged rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Long-term consequences of prenatal saccharin exposure: evidence of sex-specific molecular programing in the prefrontal cortex and behavior of adolescent rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Insulin evokes release of endozepines from astrocytes of the NTS to modulate glucose metabolism in male rats.Molecular metabolism · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanisms linking adipose tissue-derived small extracellular vesicles/exosomes to the development or amelioration of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes-related complications.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Review
- Relationship of the TG/HDL Ratio With Cognition Function in Older Adults (≥ 60 Years): A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES 2011-2014.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Explainable machine learning-driven models for predicting Parkinson's disease and its prognosis: obesity patterns associations and models development using NHANES 1999-2018 data.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Loss of insulin signaling in microglia impairs cellular uptake of Aβ and neuroinflammatory response exacerbating AD-like neuropathology.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal Expression of IRS-1 During Brain Development and its Role in Neural Stem Cell Differentiation.Neuromolecular medicine · 2025Article
- Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Network in the Pathogenesis of Obesity, Diabetes, Steatotic Liver Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Review
- Exploring the impact of advanced glycation end products on diabetic salivary gland dysfunctions.Glycoconjugate journal · 2025Review
- A Combined GLP-1/PPARa/CB1-Based Therapy to Restore the Central and Peripheral Metabolic Dysregulation Induced by a High-Fructose High-Fat Diet.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Type 3 diabetes and metabolic reprogramming of brain neurons: causes and therapeutic strategies.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInsulin, a pleotrophic hormone, has diverse effects in the body. Recent work has highlighted the important role of insulin's action in the nervous system on glucose and energy homeostasis, memory, and mood. SCOPE OF REVIEW: Here we review experimental and clinical work that has broadened the understanding of insulin's diverse functions in the central and peripheral nervous systems, including glucose and body weight homeostasis, memory and mood, with particular emphasis on intranasal insulin. MAJOR
conclusionsImplications for the treatment of obesity, type 2 diabetes, dementia, and mood disorders are discussed in the context of brain insulin action. Intranasal insulin may have potential in the treatment of central nervous system-related metabolic disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.